回火温度对15Cr超级马氏体不锈钢组织与性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.10.025

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (10): 160-166.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.10.025

回火温度对15Cr超级马氏体不锈钢组织与性能的影响

杜丽萍^1,2, 赵吉庆², 龚志华¹, 杨钢²

1.内蒙古科技大学材料科学与工程学院, 内蒙古包头 014010;
2.钢铁研究总院有限公司特殊钢研究院, 北京 100081

收稿日期:2025-04-21 修回日期:2025-08-11 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-11-04
通讯作者: 赵吉庆,高级工程师,博士,E-mail: zhaojiqing@nercast.com
作者简介:杜丽萍(1998—),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为新型叶片钢的开发及应用,E-mail: 1293817221@qq.com。

Effect of tempering temperature on microstructure and properties of 15Cr super martensitic stainless steel

Du Liping^1,2, Zhao Jiqing², Gong Zhihua¹, Yang Gang²

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou Inner Mongolia 014010, China;
2. Research Institute of Special Steels, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China

Received:2025-04-21 Revised:2025-08-11 Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-11-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以125 ksi钢级的15Cr超级马氏体不锈钢作为研究对象,利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、硬度测试、拉伸和冲击试验研究了不同回火温度(485~575 ℃)对其微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:15Cr钢经不同温度回火处理后,组织均为板条马氏体。随着回火温度的升高,马氏体板条边界逐渐模糊,出现白色块状组织,经XRD检测显示为逆转变奥氏体。逆转变奥氏体分布在马氏体板条间及原奥氏体晶界处,且随着回火温度的增加而增多。马氏体板条在500 ℃回火时开始分解,部分板条合并,组织发生了回复。在550~575 ℃回火后出现富Cu析出相,数量随回火温度的升高而增多并发生长大。对于125 ksi钢级15Cr超级马氏体不锈钢,能获得最佳的强韧性匹配的热处理工艺为1040 ℃淬火2 h,525~550 ℃回火2 h。

关键词: 125 ksi不锈钢, 回火温度, 力学性能, 析出相

Abstract: Taking 125 ksi grade 15Cr super martensitic stainless steel as the research object, the effect of tempering temperature on its microstructure and mechanical properties was studied by means of optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), hardness test, tensile and impact tests. The results show that the microstructure of the 15Cr steel after tempering at different temperatures is lath martensite. With the increase of tempering temperature, the boundary of martensitic lath is gradually blurred, and white block structure appears which is identified as reversed austenite by XRD. The reversed austenite is distributed between the martensite laths and the prior austenite grain boundaries, and increases with the increase of tempering temperature. The martensite laths begin to decompose when tempered at 500 ℃, some laths are merged, and the microstructure is recovered. After tempering at 550-575 ℃, Cu-rich precipitates appear, which grow with the increase of tempering temperature, as well as their number increases. For the 125 ksi grade 15Cr super martensitic stainless steel, the heat treatment process that can achieve the best matching of strength and toughness is quenching at 1040 ℃ for 2 h and tempering at 525-550 ℃ for 2 h.

Key words: 125 ksi stainless steel, tempering temperature, mechanical properties, precipitated phase

中图分类号:

TG142.7

杜丽萍, 赵吉庆, 龚志华, 杨钢. 回火温度对15Cr超级马氏体不锈钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(10): 160-166.

Du Liping, Zhao Jiqing, Gong Zhihua, Yang Gang. Effect of tempering temperature on microstructure and properties of 15Cr super martensitic stainless steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(10): 160-166.

参考文献

[1] 张福祥, 吕祥鸿, 杨向同, 等. 不同腐蚀条件下高强15Cr马氏体不锈钢表面状态表征[J]. 材料科学与工程学报, 2015, 33(6): 804-809.
Zhang Fuxiang, Lü Xianghong, Yang Xiangtong, et al. Surface state characterization of high-strength 15Cr martensitic stainless steel under different corrosion conditions[J]. Journal of Materials Science and Engineering, 2015, 33(6): 804-809.
[2] 杨彬彬, 宋元元, 郝龙, 等. 含3%Cu低碳马氏体不锈钢0Cr13Ni4Mo的显微组织及耐腐蚀性能[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(12): 1656-1666.
Yang Binbin, Song Yuanyuan, Hao Long, et al. Microstructure and corrosion resistance of low carbon martensitic stainless steel 0Cr13Ni4Mo with 3%Cu addition[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2024, 60(12): 1656-1666.
[3] 姜雯, 赵昆渝, 苏杰, 等. 热处理工艺对不同Cr含量超级马氏体不锈钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2019, 44(10): 135-140.
Jiang Wen, Zhao Kunyu, Su Jie, et al. Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of super martensitic stainless steel with different Cr additions[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2019, 44(10): 135-140.
[4] 刘战锋, 陈妍, 胡海燕, 等. 国内外高强高韧油井管研究现状[J]. 石油管材与仪器, 2017, 3(6): 5-8.
Liu Zhanfeng, Chen Yan, Hu Haiyan, et al. The domestic and foreign research status of high strength and high toughness of OCTG[J]. Petroleum Tubular Goods and Instruments, 2017, 3(6): 5-8.
[5] Yan P, Liu Z D, Bao H S, et al. Effect of normalizing temperature on the strength of 9Cr-3W-3Co martensitic heat resistant steel[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2014, 597: 148-156.
[6] 易善伟, 历长云, 胡小强, 等. 热处理工艺对新型低温油井管用钢组织和性能的影响[J]. 材料热处理学报, 2018, 39(6): 68-75.
Yi Shanwei, Li Changyun, Hu Xiaoqiang, et al. Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of new low-temperature oil well steel[J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 2018, 39(6): 68-75.
[7] Pareige C, Novy S, Saillet S, et al. Study of phase transformation and mechanical properties evolution of duplex stainless steels after long term thermal ageing(>20 years)[J]. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2011, 411(1/3): 90-96.
[8] 靳荣博. 热处理工艺对L80-13Cr腐蚀行为的影响[J]. 全面腐蚀控制, 2023, 37(10): 96-102.
Jin Rongbo. The effect of heat treatment process on L80-13Cr corrosion behavior[J]. Total Corrosion Control, 2023, 37(10): 96-102.
[9] 周成, 赵坦, 叶其斌, 等. 回火温度对1000 MPa级NiCrMoV低碳合金钢微观组织和低温韧性的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(12): 1557-1569.
Zhou Cheng, Zhao Tan, Ye Qibin, et al. Effects of tempering temperature on microstructure and low-temperature toughness of 1000 MPa grade NiCrMoV low carbon alloyed steel[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2022, 58(12): 1557-1569.
[10] Wang L D, Jiang L Z, Zhu M, et al. Improvement of toughness of ultrahigh strength steel Aermet100[J]. Journal of Materials Science and Technology, 2005, 21(5): 710-714.
[11] 胥大坤. 回火工艺对13Cr超级马氏体不锈钢组织和性能的影响[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2014.
Xu Dakun. Effect of tempering process on the microstructure and properties of 13Cr super martensitic stainless steels[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2014.
[12] 姜雯. 超级马氏体不锈钢组织性能及逆变奥氏体机制的研究[D]. 昆明: 昆明理工大学, 2014.
Jiang Wen. Research on microstructures and properties in super martensitic stainless steel and formation mechanism of reversed austenite[D]. Kunming: Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2014.
[13] Luo H, Yu Q, Dong C F, et al. Influence of the aging time on the microstructure and electrochemical behaviour of a 15-5PH ultra-high strength stainless steel[J]. Corrosion Science, 2018, 139: 185-196.
[14] 李倩, 唐科, 彭俊, 等. 95钢级超级13Cr马氏体不锈钢套管的开发[J]. 钢管, 2023, 52(6): 16-20.
Li Qian, Tang Ke, Peng Jun, et al. Development of 95 super 13Cr martensitic stainless steel casing[J]. Steel Pipe, 2023, 52(6): 16-20.
[15] 费健杰. 热处理工艺对9Cr1Mo力学性能及耐腐蚀性能的影响[J]. 全面腐蚀控制, 2023, 37(9): 66-71.
Fei Jianjie. Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 9Cr1Mo[J]. Total Corrosion Control, 2023, 37(9): 66-71.
[16] 张平, 周上祺. 热处理工艺对Cr13型不锈钢组织和性能的影响[J]. 特钢技术, 2007(3): 11-17, 24.
Zhang Ping, Zhou Shangqi. Effect of heat treatment process on structure and property of Cr13 stainless steel[J]. Special Steel Technology, 2007(3): 11-17, 24.

回火温度对15Cr超级马氏体不锈钢组织与性能的影响

Effect of tempering temperature on microstructure and properties of 15Cr super martensitic stainless steel

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	吴保平, 付媛媛, 张绪亮, 孙长波, 杨草, 王凯, 吴剑涛. 热校形工艺对Ni₃Al基高温合金组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 34-38.
[2]	杨恬, 孙上清, 田彦文, 王涛, 任勇. 固溶处理温度和冷却速率对TC6钛合金组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 151-155.
[3]	李佳傲, 黄硕, 李瑞红, 赵莉萍, 王海燕, 杨礼林, 金自力. 时效时间对Mg-10Gd-2Sm-1Y-0.5Zr合金组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 156-160.
[4]	刘仕超, 贾虹锋, 胡宝佳, 田亚强, 陈连生. 等温淬火对高强度低合金钢贝氏体相变与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 161-164.
[5]	柳会梅, 陈珍妮, 许立雄, 熊俊伟, 孙昌政, 胡海江. 连续退火时效时间对低碳钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 170-174.
[6]	张海东, 闫献国, 向瑾, 李晋峰, 高丽梅. 深冷处理对40CrNiMo钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 175-180.
[7]	付世强, 张江, 廖斌, 蒋桂. 冷轧及退火工艺对新能源电池用铝塑膜箔组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 181-190.
[8]	何苗, 武晓峰, 董志强, 王端, 索忠源. 淬火温度对斗齿用35CrMnSi2钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 191-194.
[9]	王天宏, 陈洪美, 朱治愿, 贾俊波, 赵守忠, 徐锦文, 苑庆德. 固溶时效处理对34Cr24Ni11Mn4Nb2奥氏体气阀钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 202-207.
[10]	贾俊波, 冯迪, 涂玉国, 周临震, 朱治愿. 长期时效对EMS206合金组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 238-243.
[11]	李根, 刘俊, 唐正焮, 贾雷, 何西扣. Ce-Y复合添加对T91耐热钢组织与力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 250-256.
[12]	罗贻正, 张轩睿, 王星, 詹红, 舒大禹, 赵飞, 卢新春, 王艳林. 硼含量及淬火温度对60Si2Mn弹簧扁钢力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 264-270.
[13]	覃信茂, 钟丽琼, 杜玮, 赖伟基, 易艳良. RE变质处理对钨钼系高速钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 271-277.
[14]	李瑞霞, 秦翔智, 赵佳蕾, 李兵, 赵巍, 周毅, 黎柏康, 章晶林. Zn对Al-4.5%Mg-1.0%Mn-0.1%Zr合金组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 278-286.
[15]	张翔宇, 张宇, 代春朵, 刘华松, 闫智然. 铌钒钛微合金化对热成形钢组织与力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(8): 14-19.