直流等离子渗氮与活性屏等离子渗氮后EN40BT钢的组织与性能

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.08.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对EN40BT钢在不同温度、不同时间下进行了直流等离子渗氮(DCPN)和活性屏等离子渗氮(ASPN),并利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、维氏硬度计、表面轮廓仪和X射线衍射仪等对DCPN和ASPN后的试样进行微观组织和性能研究。结果表明,直流等离子渗氮和活性屏等离子渗氮都可有效提高EN40BT钢的表面硬度,而且均会大幅提高基体的表面粗糙度,但是ASPN处理造成的Ra增幅远小于DCPN处理。DCPN各参数试样(570 ℃×20 h DCPN试样除外)基本都有明显的白亮层形成,而所有ASPN试样的白亮层都较薄。直流等离子渗氮温度升高时,最大表面硬度和有效渗氮层深度都呈下降趋势;活性屏等离子渗氮试样的最大表面硬度也随渗氮温度升高而降低,但是其渗氮层深度随渗氮温度的升高而增加。直流等离子渗氮和活性屏等离子渗氮在530 ℃下处理20、40和60 h的变化趋势一致,即渗氮时间越长,渗氮层深度增加,但最大表面硬度呈降低趋势。综合考虑有效渗氮层深度和最大表面硬度,并考虑处理效率与能耗,可以选择530 ℃×20 h和550 ℃×20 h分别作为DCPN和ASPN的较优等离子渗氮参数。

关键词: 低合金钢, 等离子渗氮, 温度效应, 时间效应, 硬度

Abstract: Direct current plasma nitriding (DCPN) and active screen plasma nitriding (ASPN) with different treating temperatures and duration were conducted on EN40BT steel. Optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, Vickers hardness tester, profilometer, and X-ray diffractometer were used for studying the microstructure and mechanical properties of specimens after DCPN and ASPN. The results indicate that both the direct current plasma nitriding and active screen plasma nitriding methods are effective in improving the surface hardness of the EN40BT steel, and the surface roughness of the substrate is substantially increased after plasma nitriding, but the increase in Ra caused by the ASPN treatment is much smaller than that of DCPN. The bright white layer can be observed in the DCPN specimens except for the specimen treated at 570 ℃ for 20 h, while only very thin white layer can be observed in all the ASPN specimens. When the DCPN temperature increases, the maximum surface hardness and effective case depth tend to decrease. The maximum surface hardness of the ASPN specimens also decreases with the increase of nitriding temperature, while effective case depth of the ASPN specimens increases. The DCPN and ASPN specimens indicate an identical trend when treated at 530 ℃ for 20, 40 and 60 h, i.e. longer nitriding duration leads to thicker effective case depth, but lower maximum surface hardness. Considering the depth of nitrided layer, the maximum surface hardness, the treatment efficiency, and energy consumption, 530 ℃×20 h and 550 ℃×20 h can be selected as the optimal plasma nitriding parameters for DCPN and ASPN of the EN40BT steel, respectively.

Key words: low alloy steel, plasma nitriding, temperature effect, time effect, hardness

中图分类号:

周俊, 赵文, 李威, 许世明, 何江浩, 莫少览, 邓江, 邓庆祝. 直流等离子渗氮与活性屏等离子渗氮后EN40BT钢的组织与性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(8): 195-201.

Zhou Jun, Zhao Wen, Li Wei, Xu Shiming, He Jianghao, Mo Shaolan, Deng Jiang, Deng Qingzhu. Microstructure and properties of EN40BT steel after direct current nitriding and active screen plasma nitriding[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(8): 195-201.

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