微合金耐候钢的连续冷却转变及轧制温度对其组织与硬度的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.06.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用 Gleeble热模拟试验机研究了一种Nb、Ti复合微合金化耐候钢的连续冷却转变规律及精轧和卷取温度对其组织硬度的影响。结果表明,在3~10 ℃/s冷速范围内连续冷却时发生了铁素体+珠光体转变;20~40 ℃/s冷速范围内,钢中则出现了贝氏体,且含量逐渐增多。随冷速增大,铁素体平均晶粒尺寸细化,硬度增大。875~925 ℃精轧温度和575~650 ℃卷取温度下,组织均为多边形铁素体+少量的珠光体。随精轧温度和卷取温度的升高,铁素体晶粒尺寸粗化,析出相粒子尺寸增大。精轧温度为900 ℃时,铁素体晶粒细小且分布均匀,析出相粒子尺寸为5.1 nm,硬度较875 ℃仅降低2 HV。卷取温度为600 ℃时,析出相尺寸较575 ℃略微增大,但数量显著增加且分布更加弥散,析出强化效果显著,硬度达到最大值296 HV。综合考虑轧制变形抗力,试验耐候钢适宜的精轧温度为900 ℃、卷取温度为600 ℃,此工艺下可充分发挥细晶强化和析出强化的作用,从而获得优异的力学性能。

关键词: 耐候钢, 连续冷却转变, 精轧温度, 卷取温度, 组织, 硬度

Abstract: Continuous cooling transformation and the effect of finishing rolling and coiling temperature on microstructure and properties of Nb and Ti composite microalloyed weathering steel were studied by using Gleeble thermal simulation testing machine. The results show that during continuous cooling of the tested steel, ferrite+pearlite form within the cooling rate range of 3-10 ℃/s, while within the cooling rate range of 20-40 ℃/s, bainite appears and its content gradually increases. As the cooling rate increases, the average ferrite grain size refines and hardness rises. Within finishing rolling temperature range of 875-925 ℃ and coiling temperature range of 575-650 ℃, the microstructure is all polygonal ferrite+a small amount of pearlite. With finishing rolling and coiling temperature increasing, both the sizes of ferrite grain and precipitated phase particles increase. At 900 ℃ finishing temperature, the ferrite grains are fine and uniformly distributed, the size of the precipitated phase particles is 5.1 nm, and the hardness is only 2 HV lower than that at 875 ℃. At 600 ℃ coiling temperature, the size of the precipitated phase is slightly larger than that at 575 ℃, but the quantity increases significantly and the distribution becomes more dispersed. The precipitation strengthening effect is remarkable, and the hardness reaches the maximum value of 296 HV. Taking into account the rolling deformation resistance, the suitable finishing rolling temperature and coiling temperature for the tested weathering steel are 900 ℃ and 600 ℃, respectively. Under this process, the effects of grain refinement strengthening and precipitation strengthening can be fully utilized, resulting in excellent mechanical properties.

Key words: weathering steel, continuous cooling transformation, finishing rolling temperature, coiling temperature, microstructure, hardness

中图分类号:

TG142.1

杨栋杰, 冯奕洁, 张宁, 蒋波. 微合金耐候钢的连续冷却转变及轧制温度对其组织与硬度的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(6): 18-26.

Yang Dongjie, Feng Yijie, Zhang Ning, Jiang Bo. Continuous cooling transformation of microalloyed weathering steel and effect of rolling temperature on its microstructure and hardness[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(6): 18-26.

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