金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (6): 119-124.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.06.019

• 组织与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

1Cr16Co5Ni2MoWVNbN马氏体不锈钢锻件组织偏析原因分析

谢善, 任率, 林思宇   

  1. 成都航利航空科技有限责任公司, 四川 成都 611936
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-09 修回日期:2025-03-22 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-07-08
  • 作者简介:谢 善(1979—),男,高级工程师,学士,主要研究方向为航空发动机材料理化检测及失效分析,E-mail: xsef@163.com

Cause analysis on microstructure segregation in 1Cr16Co5Ni2MoWVNbN martensitic stainless steel forgings

Xie Shan, Ren Shuai, Lin Siyu   

  1. Chengdu Holy Aviation Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu Sichuan 611936, China
  • Received:2024-12-09 Revised:2025-03-22 Online:2025-06-25 Published:2025-07-08

摘要: 1Cr16Co5Ni2MoWVNbN马氏体不锈钢锻件心部硬度超高。为分析其原因进行了化学成分、显微组织及不同组织区域的硬度测试,且在原标准热处理的基础上设计了5种不同的热处理工艺。结果表明,锻件心部硬度不合格的原因是由于淬火冷却时间不足,部分区域未完全马氏体转变,经高温回火后形成回火索氏体+二次淬火马氏体的混合偏析组织。EDS面扫发现偏析区域贫C,而富集Mo和Ni元素,微区Ms转变温度降低,延迟局部微区马氏体转变,偏析形态的呈现与原材料中元素分布的微观差异有关。经设计工艺热处理后,发现热处理加热温度和淬火冷却速度对偏析组织的形成影响较小。因此,控制淬火冷却过程,保持充分的淬火冷却时间及改善原材料的元素均匀性是解决组织偏析的主要途径。

关键词: 马氏体不锈钢, 锻件, 组织偏析, 热处理

Abstract: Core hardness of 1Cr16Co5Ni2MoWVNbN martensitic stainless steel forging is extremely high. In order to analyze the reasons, chemical composition, microstructure, and hardness in different regions were tested, and five different heat treatment processes were designed based on the original standard heat treatment. The results show that the reason for the unqualified forging core hardness is due to insufficient quenching and cooling time, incomplete martensitic transformation in some areas, and a mixed segregation microstructure of tempered sorbite and secondary quenched martensite formed after high-temperature tempering. The EDS surface scanning shows that the segregation area is lean in C, but rich in Mo and Ni elements. The Ms transformation temperature of the micro-region decreases, delaying local micro-zone martensite transformation. The appearance of the segregation form is related to the microscopic difference of the element distribution in the raw material. It is found that after treated by designed processes, the heat treatment temperature and quenching cooling speed have little influence on the formation of segregation microstructure. Therefore, controlling the quenching cooling process, maintaining sufficient quenching cooling time and improving the element uniformity of raw materials are the main ways to solve the microstructure segregation.

Key words: martensitic stainless steel, forging, microstructure segregation, heat treatment

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