淬火配分工艺对430铁素体不锈钢组织与性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.01.022

金属热处理 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (1): 153-158.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.01.022

淬火配分工艺对430铁素体不锈钢组织与性能的影响

孟立鑫¹, 李文琪², 汪英芝³, 夏伊婷², 梁伟²

1.中北大学航空宇航学院, 山西太原 030051;
2.太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 山西太原 030024;
3.国投陶瓷基复合材料研究院(西安)有限公司, 陕西西安 710100

收稿日期:2025-09-01 修回日期:2025-11-20 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-01-27
通讯作者: 梁伟,教授,博士,E-mail:liangwei@tyut.edu.cn
作者简介:孟立鑫(1996—),男,讲师,博士,主要研究方向为不锈钢组织性能调控,E-mail:20250092@nuc.edu.cn。

Effect of quenching and partitioning process on microstructure and properties of 430 ferritic stainless steel

Meng Lixin¹, Li Wenqi², Wang Yingzhi³, Xia Yiting², Liang Wei²

1. School of Aerospace Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan Shanxi 030051, China;
2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan Shanxi 030024, China;
3. SDIC Ceramic Matrix Composites Research Institute (Xi'an) Co., Ltd., Xi'an Shaanxi 710100, China

Received:2025-09-01 Revised:2025-11-20 Online:2026-01-25 Published:2026-01-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了一步淬火配分(Quenching and partitioning,Q&P)和两步Q&P工艺对430铁素体不锈钢微观组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明,经两步Q&P处理后,430铁素体不锈钢形成了铁素体、马氏体和残留奥氏体复相组织;而经一步Q&P工艺处理后,仅形成铁素体和马氏体双相组织。在一步Q&P工艺中,由于碳原子的扩散速率较低,无论是调控配分时间还是配分温度,均未能使残留奥氏体稳定保留至室温。经一步Q&P工艺处理后,试样的强塑积范围为9.3~11.4 GPa·%,而经过两步Q&P工艺处理后,试样的强塑积为17.0 GPa·%。残留奥氏体的存在显著提升了材料的塑性和强塑积。尽管一步Q&P工艺具有简便高效的优势,但并不适用430铁素体不锈钢的性能优化。

关键词: 430铁素体不锈钢, 一步淬火配分工艺, 两步淬火配分工艺, 残留奥氏体, 力学性能

Abstract: Effects of one-step and two-step quenching and partitioning (Q&P) processes on microstructure and mechanical properties of 430 ferritic stainless steel were investigated. The results show that after two-step Q&P process, the 430 ferritic stainless steel forms a multiphase microstructure consisting of ferrite, martensite and retained austenite. In contrast, after one-step Q&P process, only a dual-phase microstructure of ferrite and martensite is formed. In the one-step Q&P process, due to the low diffusion rate of carbon atoms, adjusting the partitioning time or temperature could not stabilize the retained austenite at room temperature. The product of strength and elongation of the specimens treated by one-step Q&P process ranges from 9.3 GPa·% to 11.4 GPa·%, while that of the specimen treated by two-step Q&P process is 17.0 GPa·%. The presence of retained austenite significantly improves the plasticity and the product of strength and elongation of the steel. Although the one-step Q&P process offers advantages in terms of simplicity and efficiency, it is not suitable for the property optimization of the 430 ferritic stainless steel.

Key words: 430 ferritic stainless steel, one-step Q&, P process, two-step Q&, P process, retained austenite, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG142.7

孟立鑫, 李文琪, 汪英芝, 夏伊婷, 梁伟. 淬火配分工艺对430铁素体不锈钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(1): 153-158.

Meng Lixin, Li Wenqi, Wang Yingzhi, Xia Yiting, Liang Wei. Effect of quenching and partitioning process on microstructure and properties of 430 ferritic stainless steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2026, 51(1): 153-158.

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淬火配分工艺对430铁素体不锈钢组织与性能的影响

Effect of quenching and partitioning process on microstructure and properties of 430 ferritic stainless steel

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