TC2钛合金的高温力学性能及预测模型

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.01.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对TC2钛合金在20~700 ℃范围内进行力学性能试验,测定了弹性模量、屈服强度、极限强度和断后伸长率随温度变化的规律,并与GB 51249—2017中模型预测值及同类钛合金TC4的实测数据进行了对比分析。同时,结合宏观断口形貌、微观组织及相变机制,探讨了不同温度下试样的拉伸断裂模式。结果表明,随着温度升高,TC2钛合金的强度和弹性模量显著下降,而断后伸长率逐渐增加。断口分析显示,随着温度的升高,断口形貌由平整光滑逐步演变为杯锥状特征,微观韧窝加深,塑性显著提升,呈现脆性向延性转变的趋势。显微组织分析表明,材料在接近β相区温度(600~700 ℃)时发生了一定程度的α相到β相转变,从而提升了塑性。综合比较,TC2钛合金在中低温区间的综合力学性能优于TC4钛合金,与GB 51249—2017模型预测值相比,TC2钛合金在600 ℃以下性能存在一定偏差,而在600~700 ℃区间预测结果较为吻合。基于实测数据构建了TC2钛合金高温性能折减预测模型,各模型预测值与实测值在20~700 ℃范围内基本吻合,回归系数均介于0.989~0.999之间,拟合精度较高。

关键词: TC2钛合金, 高温力学性能, 折减系数, 微观组织, 性能预测模型

Abstract: Mechanical properties of TC2 titanium alloy in the temperature range of 20-700 ℃ were tested, and the variations of elastic modulus, yield strength, ultimate strength and elongation with temperature were measured and compared with the predicted values from GB 51249—2017 and the experimental datas of TC4 titanium alloy. Additionally, the tensile fracture modes of the specimens at different temperatures were explored based on macroscopic fracture morphology, microstructural and phase transformation mechanisms. The results indicate that as the temperature increases, the strength and elastic modulus of the TC2 titanium alloy decrease significantly, while the elongation gradually increases. Fracture analysis shows a transition in fracture morphology from relatively flat and smooth surfaces to cup-and-cone features with deeper dimples with increase of temperature, reflecting a clear shift from brittle to ductile behavior. Microstructural analysis reveals that a certain degree of α phase to β phase transformation occurs as the material approaches the β-phase region temperature (600-700 ℃), leading to improved ductility. A comprehensive comparison indicates that TC2 titanium alloy exhibits superior overall mechanical properties in the low-to-medium temperature range compared to TC4 titanium alloy. Compared with the predicted values from GB 51249—2017, TC2 titanium alloy shows some deviations below 600 ℃ but aligns well in the range of 600-700 ℃. Based on the experimental data, a high-temperature properties reduction model for TC2 titanium alloy are established. The predicted values from the proposed models agree well with the experimental results across 20-700 ℃, with regression coefficients ranging from 0.989 to 0.999, demonstrating high fitting accuracy.

Key words: TC2 titanium alloy, high-temperature mechanical properties, reduction factor, microstructure, predictive models

中图分类号:

TG352

邹伟, 彭金波, 韩中宝. TC2钛合金的高温力学性能及预测模型[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(1): 56-64.

Zou Wei, Peng Jinbo, Han Zhongbao. High-temperature mechanical properties and predictive models of TC2 titanium alloy[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2026, 51(1): 56-64.

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