U-2Nb合金试样尺寸对拉伸性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.01.010

金属热处理 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (1): 65-70.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.01.010

U-2Nb合金试样尺寸对拉伸性能的影响

何兴会, 李鱼飞, 陈冬, 任志勇, 崔书山

中国工程物理研究院材料研究所, 四川绵阳 621907

收稿日期:2025-09-01 修回日期:2025-11-21 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-01-27
作者简介:何兴会(1984—),女,工程师,博士,主要研究方向为金属塑性成形,E-mail: 240534955@qq.com

Effect of specimen size on tensile properties of U-2Nb alloy

He Xinghui, Li Yufei, Chen Dong, Ren Zhiyong, Cui Shushan

Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang Sichuan 621907, China

Received:2025-09-01 Revised:2025-11-21 Online:2026-01-25 Published:2026-01-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： U-2Nb合金拉伸性能的可靠性取决于晶粒尺寸和样品尺寸的匹配程度。采用铸造+均匀化热处理获得平均晶粒尺寸在1 mm左右的大晶粒合金,再经冷旋和再结晶热处理后获得平均晶粒尺寸约122 μm的小晶粒合金,大晶粒合金制备了?5 mm棒状和厚0.75、1.5 mm板状拉伸试样,小晶粒合金制备了?4 mm棒状和厚0.75、1.5 mm板状拉伸试样,研究了试样尺寸对合金拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,这4种规格拉伸试样的断口都具有准解理开裂特征,试样截面包含的晶粒数目多,断裂截面越平整,韧窝所占比例越大。拉伸试样尺寸主要影响抗拉强度、断裂总延伸率和断面收缩率。减小晶粒尺寸有利于降低不同尺寸拉伸试样之间力学性能指标的差异。为了在省料的前提下准确表示U-Nb合金的力学性能,对于大晶粒U-2Nb合金,推荐采用?5mm的棒状拉伸试样,此时屈服强度为511.7 MPa,抗拉强度为1047.0 MPa,断裂总延伸率为17.8%。对于小晶粒U-2Nb合金,推荐采用厚1.5 mm的板状拉伸试样,此时屈服强度为588.7 MPa,抗拉强度为1070.3 MPa,断裂总延伸率为23.7%。

关键词: U-2Nb合金, 样品尺寸, 晶粒尺寸, 拉伸性能, 断口形貌

Abstract: The reliability of the tensile properties of U-2Nb alloy depends on the matching degree between grain size and specimen dimensions. Coarse-grained alloy with an average grain size of about 1 mm was obtained by casting and homogenization heat treatment. After cold spinning and recrystallization heat treatment, fine-grained alloy with an average grain size of about 122 μm was obtained. For the coarse-grained alloys, rod-shaped tensile specimens with a diameter of 5 mm and plate-shaped tensile specimens with thicknesses of 0.75 mm and 1.5 mm were fabricated. For the fine-grained alloys, rod-shaped tensile specimens with a diameter of 4 mm and plate-shaped tensile specimens with thicknesses of 0.75 mm and 1.5 mm were produced. The effect of specimen dimensions on the tensile properties of the alloy was investigated. The results show that the fracture surfaces of all four types of tensile specimens exhibit quasi-cleavage fracture characteristics. However, the more grains contained in the specimen cross-section, the flatter the fracture surface and the larger the proportion of dimples. The tensile specimen dimensions mainly affect the tensile strength, total extension, and reduction of area. Reducing the grain size is beneficial for minimizing the differences in mechanical property indices between tensile specimens with different dimensions. To accurately characterize the mechanical properties of the U-Nb alloy while minimizing material usage, rod-shaped tensile specimen with a cross-sectional diameter of 5 mm is suggested for coarse-grained U-2Nb alloy, exhibiting a yield strength of 511.7 MPa, a tensile strength of 1047.0 MPa, and total extension of 17.8%, and plate-shaped tensile specimen with thickness of 1.5 mm is recommended for fine-grained U-2Nb alloy, exhibiting a yield strength of 588.7 MPa, a tensile strength of 1070.3 MPa, and total extension of 23.7%.

Key words: U-2Nb alloy, specimen size, grain size, tensile properties, fracture morphology

中图分类号:

TL214

何兴会, 李鱼飞, 陈冬, 任志勇, 崔书山. U-2Nb合金试样尺寸对拉伸性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(1): 65-70.

He Xinghui, Li Yufei, Chen Dong, Ren Zhiyong, Cui Shushan. Effect of specimen size on tensile properties of U-2Nb alloy[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2026, 51(1): 65-70.

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U-2Nb合金试样尺寸对拉伸性能的影响

Effect of specimen size on tensile properties of U-2Nb alloy

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