热处理工艺对铝铜合金微观组织和近奇异晶界比例的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.04.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选用具有高层错能面心立方结构的2017铝合金为研究对象,以基于晶界工程中退火孪晶优化工艺处理过后试样内部统计的晶粒尺寸、再结晶程度和{111}/{111}近奇异晶界比例为衡量标准,采用三因素三水平正交试验探究了时效状态(80、110、140 HV)、轧制变形量(15%、45%、75%)、退火温度(440、460、480 ℃)3种工艺参数对材料组织的影响,利用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)和五参数分析相结合的表征方法测定试样的各项晶界数据,再基于正交试验的极差分析依次指出影响晶粒尺寸、再结晶程度、{111}/{111}近奇异晶界比例程度的主次因素排序。最后通过晶间腐蚀测试、电化学测试和重叠极图迹线分析对比以{111}/{111}近奇异晶界比例为主衡量因素下好中差3种正交试验方案的腐蚀性能差异。结果表明,{111}/{111}近奇异晶界耐腐蚀性好,能打断一般晶界的连通性,抑制晶界腐蚀,因此{111}/{111}近奇异晶界比例较高的最优方案的耐腐蚀性能最好。

关键词: 晶界工程, 近奇异晶界, 正交试验, 晶粒尺寸, 再结晶程度

Abstract: A 2017 aluminum alloy with high fault energy face centered cubic structure was selected as the research object. Based on the grain size, recrystallization degree and the {111}/{111} near-singular boundary ratio after annealing twin optimization process in grain boundary engineering, a three-factor and three-level orthogonal test was subject to study the effects of aging state (80, 110, 140 HV), rolling deformation (15%, 45%, 75%) and annealing temperature (440, 460, 480 ℃) on the microstructure of the alloy. The grain boundary data of the specimens were measured by the combination of electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD) and five-parameter analysis, and the orthogonal test results were analyzed through range and variance analysis. Based on the range analysis of orthogonal experiments, the main and secondary factors affecting the grain size, recrystallization degree, and the proportion degree of {111}/{111} near-singular boundaries were pointed out successively. Finally, the corrosion performance differences of the three orthogonal test schemes with the ratio of {111}/{111} near-singular boundaries as the main measurement factor were compared by intergranular corrosion test, electrochemical test and overlapping pole map trace analysis. The results show that {111}/{111} near-singular boundaries has good corrosion resistance, which can interrupt the general grain boundary connectivity and inhibit grain boundary corrosion. Therefore, the optimal scheme with a higher proportion of {111}/{111} near-singular boundaries has the best corrosion resistance.

Key words: grain boundary engineering, near-singular boundary, orthogonal test, grain size, recrystallization degree

中图分类号:

TG156

陈松, 冯欣颖, 徐刚, 林燕, 王卫国. 热处理工艺对铝铜合金微观组织和近奇异晶界比例的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(4): 114-127.

Chen Song, Feng Xinying, Xu Gang, Lin Yan, Wang Weiguo. Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and near-singular boundary ratio of aluminum copper alloy[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(4): 114-127.

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