金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (9): 151-155.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.09.023

• 工艺研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

固溶处理温度和冷却速率对TC6钛合金组织与性能的影响

杨恬, 孙上清, 田彦文, 王涛, 任勇   

  1. 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司, 陕西 西安 710018
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-13 修回日期:2025-07-25 出版日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2025-10-13
  • 作者简介:杨 恬(1995—),女,工程师,硕士,主要研究方向为钛合金热加工过程,E-mail: 981414978@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省共性技术研发组建项目(S2024-ZC-PTZJ-0008)

Effect of solution treatment temperature and cooling rate on microstructure and properties of TC6 titanium alloy

Yang Tian, Sun Shangqing, Tian Yanwen, Wang Tao, Ren Yong   

  1. Western Superconducting Technologies Co., Ltd., Xi'an Shaanxi 710018, China
  • Received:2025-04-13 Revised:2025-07-25 Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-10-13

摘要: 研究了固溶温度(880、920、960 ℃)及冷却方式(包石棉缓冷、空冷、油冷、水冷)对TC6钛合金显微组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明,当固溶冷却方式为空冷时(880~960 ℃×2 h,空冷+550 ℃×4 h,空冷),随固溶温度的升高,初生α相的含量减小,次生α相含量提高且片层厚度增加,β转变相含量明显增加,TC6钛合金的强度呈下降趋势,冲击吸收能量提高。当固溶温度为880 ℃时(880 ℃×2 h,包石棉缓冷/空冷/油冷/水冷+550 ℃×4 h,空冷),随冷却速率的增加,初生α相的尺寸和含量均减小,次生α相含量减少,片层厚度降低,针状α相的含量增加,TC6钛合金的强度明显提高,冲击吸收能量降低。880 ℃固溶水冷后,合金强度最高,可以达到1280 MPa,此时冲击吸收能量仅为17.9 J。强度下降主要是由于针状α相的强化作用减弱。冲击吸收能量的提高与次生α相对裂纹扩展的阻碍作用和初生α相抗塑性变形能力的提高有关。经920 ℃×2 h,空冷+550 ℃×4 h,空冷后,TC6钛合金具有最佳的综合性能。

关键词: TC6钛合金, 固溶处理, 冷却速率, 显微组织, 力学性能

Abstract: Effects of solution treatment temperature (880, 920, 960 ℃) and cooling method (slow cooling with asbestos coating, air cooling, oil cooling, water cooling) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TC6 titanium alloy were studied. The results show that when the cooling method is air cooling (880-960 ℃×2 h, air cooling+550 ℃×4 h, air cooling), with the increase of solution treatment temperature, the content of primary α phase decreases, the content of secondary α phase increases with the increase of lamellar thickness, the content of β transformed phase increases significantly, and the strength of the TC6 titanium alloy shows a downward trend, while the impact absorbed energy increases. When the solution treatment temperature is 880 ℃(880 ℃×2 h, slow cooling with asbestos coating/air cooling/oil cooling/water cooling+550 ℃×4 h, air cooling), with the increase of cooling rate, both the size and content of primary α phase decrease, the content of secondary α phase reduces and the lamellar thickness decreases, while the content of acicular α phase increases, and the strength of the TC6 titanium alloy increases significantly, while the impact absorbed energy decreases. After solution treatment at 880 ℃ and water cooling, the alloy has the highest strength, which can reach 1280 MPa, and the impact absorbed energy is only 17.9 J. The decrease in strength is mainly due to the weakening of the strengthening effect of acicular α phase. The improvement of impact absorbed energy is related to the hindering effect of secondary α phase on crack propagation and the improvement of plastic deformation resistance of primary α phase. After heat treatment at 920 ℃ for 2 h followed by air cooling, and 550 ℃ for 4 h followed by air cooling, the TC6 titanium alloy has excellent comprehensive properties.

Key words: TC6 titanium alloy, solution treatment, cooling rate, microstructure, mechanical properties

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