定向凝固速率对GCr15SiMo轴承钢组织与力学性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.11.033

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (11): 239-246.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.11.033

定向凝固速率对GCr15SiMo轴承钢组织与力学性能的影响

冯美龙¹, 王文超¹, 桑玉蕊², 曹炳鑫¹, 夏志平¹

1.江西职业技术大学机械工程学院, 江西九江 332007;
2.江西职业技术大学船舶工程学院, 江西九江 332007

收稿日期:2025-06-07 修回日期:2025-09-24 发布日期:2025-12-16
通讯作者: 曹炳鑫,讲师,博士,E-mail:11704@jxpu.edu.cn
作者简介:冯美龙(1988—),男,讲师,博士,主要研究方向为材料加工及制备,E-mail:fmlong_2010@163.com。
基金资助:
江西省教育厅科技研究项目(GJJ2204816,GJJ214015);江西职业技术大学博士科研项目(JZBK24-1-3)

Effect of directional solidification rate on microstructure and mechanical properties of GCr15SiMo bearing steel

Feng Meilong¹, Wang Wenchao¹, Sang Yurui², Cao Bingxin¹, Xia Zhiping¹

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi Polytechnic University, Jiujiang Jiangxi 332007, China;
2. School of Naval Engineering, Jiangxi Polytechnic University, Jiujiang Jiangxi 332007, China

Received:2025-06-07 Revised:2025-09-24 Published:2025-12-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过控制定向凝固速率,研究了不同制备条件下GCr15SiMo轴承钢的凝固组织与力学性能的关系。采用铸态和重熔后不同定向凝固速率下的试样,通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜对试样宏观和微观组织进行观察,并利用能谱仪分析其成分分布,再进一步进行拉伸试验和硬度测试以评估其力学性能。结果表明,定向凝固速率显著影响轴承钢的组织细化和均匀性,适中的定向凝固速率可获得均匀、细小的枝晶组织和更优的碳化物形貌,从而有效提升力学性能。定向凝固速率适中的150 μm/s试样表现出最佳的组织均匀性和力学性能,抗拉强度和断后伸长率显著高于其他试样。

关键词: 定向凝固, GCr15SiMo轴承钢, 凝固组织, 碳化物, 力学性能

Abstract: Relationship between the solidification microstructure and mechanical properties of GCr15SiMo bearing steel under different preparation conditions was explored by controlling the directional solidification rate. For the original as-cast specimen and those re-solidified under different directional solidification rates, their macro and microstructures were observed by using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, the composition distribution was analyzed by using energy dispersive spectrometer, while the mechanical properties were evaluated by means of tensile and hardness tests. The results show that the directional solidification rate significantly affects the microstructure refinement and uniformity of the bearing steel. A moderate directional solidification rate leads to a more uniform, finer dendritic structure and improved carbide morphology, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties. In particular, the specimen with the directional solidification rate of 150 μm/s exhibits the best microstructural uniformity and mechanical properties, with significantly higher tensile strength and elongation compared to other specimens.

Key words: directional solidification, GCr15SiMo bearing steel, solidification structure, carbide, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG142.1

冯美龙, 王文超, 桑玉蕊, 曹炳鑫, 夏志平. 定向凝固速率对GCr15SiMo轴承钢组织与力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(11): 239-246.

Feng Meilong, Wang Wenchao, Sang Yurui, Cao Bingxin, Xia Zhiping. Effect of directional solidification rate on microstructure and mechanical properties of GCr15SiMo bearing steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(11): 239-246.

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定向凝固速率对GCr15SiMo轴承钢组织与力学性能的影响

Effect of directional solidification rate on microstructure and mechanical properties of GCr15SiMo bearing steel

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