轧后控冷工艺对高硅石墨钢组织及石墨粒子析出行为的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.12.028

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (12): 184-190.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.12.028

轧后控冷工艺对高硅石墨钢组织及石墨粒子析出行为的影响

唐庆¹, 苏博扬², 侯建伟¹, 万勇², 亓奉友¹, 温永红², 张行利¹, 左锦中¹

1.中信泰富特钢研究院青钢分院, 山东青岛 266000;
2.安徽工业大学冶金工程学院, 安徽马鞍山 243002

收稿日期:2025-07-19 修回日期:2025-10-21 发布日期:2026-01-06
通讯作者: 万勇,副教授,博士,E-mail: wanyong0729@163.com
作者简介:唐庆(1983—),男,高级工程师,主要研究方向为焊接用钢及易切削钢的产品研发及质量提升,E-mail: tangqing@citicsteel.com。

Effect of cooling process after hot rolling on microstructure and graphite particle precipitation behavior of a high-silicon graphitic steel

Tang Qing¹, Su Boyang², Hou Jianwei¹, Wan Yong², Qi Fengyou¹, Wen Yonghong², Zhang Xingli¹, Zuo Jinzhong¹

1. Qingdao Branch, CITIC Pacific Steel Research Institute, Qingdao Shandong 266000, China;
2. School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan Anhui 243002, China

Received:2025-07-19 Revised:2025-10-21 Published:2026-01-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过热处理、热模拟试验及金相显微镜、扫描电镜和拉力试验机等研究了3种轧后控冷工艺(工艺A、B、C对应的平均冷速分别为3.34、8.83和9.57 ℃/s)对高硅石墨钢热轧、回火盘条的组织、力学性能及回火盘条石墨粒子析出行为的影响。结果表明,3种控冷工艺下,热轧盘条边部、心部组织存在明显差异,边部组织为索氏体+少量铁素体,心部组织为珠光体+少量铁素体。经680 ℃回火8 h后,盘条组织转变为铁素体+石墨+Fe₃C粒子,其中石墨粒子主要沿铁素体晶界析出,呈不规则形状,尺寸从1 μm至7 μm不等。随着轧后冷速的增加(工艺A→工艺B→工艺C),热轧、回火盘条的屈服强度、抗拉强度、断面收缩率和硬度均呈缓慢升高趋势。低冷却速度有利于促进热轧盘条回火过程石墨粒子的长大,高冷却速度有利于促进回火过程石墨粒子的形核和细化。

关键词: 高硅石墨钢, 控冷工艺, 珠光体, 石墨粒子, 力学性能

Abstract: Effects of three cooling processes after hot rolling (the average cooling rates corresponding to the processes A, B, and C being 3.34, 8.83, and 9.57 ℃/s, respectively) on microstructure and mechanical properties of the hot-rolled and tempered wire rod and precipitation behavior of tempered wire rod of a high-silicon graphitic steel were systematically investigated by heat treatment, thermal simulation experiments, metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope, and tensile testing machine. The results show that there are obvious differences in the microstructure on the edge and core of the hot-rolled wire rod under the three cooling processes, the edge microstructure is sorbite and a small amount of ferrite, and the core microstructure is pearlite and a small amount of ferrite. After tempering at 680 ℃ for 8 h, the wire rod microstructure is transformed into ferrite + graphite + Fe₃C particles, in which graphite particles are mainly precipitated along the ferrite grain boundaries and have irregular shapes ranging in size from 1 μm to 7 μm. With the increase of cooling rate after hot rolling (corresponding to from process A to process B to process C), the yield strength, tensile strength, reduction of area and hardness of the hot-rolled and tempered wire rods all show a slow increasing trend. The low cooling rate is conducive to promoting the growth of graphite particles in the tempering process of the hot-rolled wire rods, and the high cooling rate is conducive to promoting the nucleation and refinement of graphite particles in the tempering process.

Key words: high-silicon graphitic steel, cooling process, pearlite, graphite particle, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG142.7

唐庆, 苏博扬, 侯建伟, 万勇, 亓奉友, 温永红, 张行利, 左锦中. 轧后控冷工艺对高硅石墨钢组织及石墨粒子析出行为的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(12): 184-190.

Tang Qing, Su Boyang, Hou Jianwei, Wan Yong, Qi Fengyou, Wen Yonghong, Zhang Xingli, Zuo Jinzhong. Effect of cooling process after hot rolling on microstructure and graphite particle precipitation behavior of a high-silicon graphitic steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(12): 184-190.

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轧后控冷工艺对高硅石墨钢组织及石墨粒子析出行为的影响

Effect of cooling process after hot rolling on microstructure and graphite particle precipitation behavior of a high-silicon graphitic steel

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