不同热加工方式下C286无磁不锈钢性能差异性分析

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.08.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以相同变形量下获得的C286不锈钢锻造试样和热轧试样为研究对象,开展性能测试和组织表征,分析了不同热加工方式下不锈钢性能差异的原因。结果表明,C286不锈钢锻造态强度及硬度高于热轧态,经固溶+时效处理后,锻造试样性能明显高于热轧试样,屈服强度差距最为明显,锻造试样屈服强度为1059 MPa,而热轧试样的仅为849 MPa。将热轧试样固溶后,模拟锻造的冷却速度冷却至850 ℃后空冷,获得验证试样,验证试样经相同固溶+时效工艺处理后屈服强度仅为754 MPa,较热轧试样时效后低 95 MPa,抗拉强度及硬度也略低。结合组织分析,热处理后热轧试样力学性能低于锻造试样的原因是晶界处层片状η相的析出会消耗Ni元素和Ti元素,影响其周围γ'-Ni₃(Ti, Al)强化相的产生,进而影响不锈钢力学性能的提高。

关键词: C286不锈钢, 锻造, 热轧, 力学性能, η相, γ'相

Abstract: Both forged and hot-rolled C286 stainless steel specimens obtained under identical deformation amounts were investigated through mechanical property tests and microstructure characterization, and the property difference under different hot processing methods was analyzed. The results show that the strength and hardness of forged C286 steel are higher than those of hot-rolled. After solution treatment and aging, the mechanical properties of forged specimens are obviously higher than those of hot-rolled specimens with the most obvious yield strength difference. The yield strength of aged forged specimen is 1059 MPa, while that of aged hot-rolled specimen is only 849 MPa. After a verification specimen being prepared by subjecting the hot-rolled steel to a solution treatment at 1000 ℃ followed by cooling at a forging cooling rate until reaching 850 ℃, it is found that the aged yield strength of the verification specimen is only 754 MPa, which is lower than the aged hot-rolled specimen by 95 MPa, with slightly reduced tensile strength and hardness as well. The microstructure analysis reveals that after heat treatment, the precipitation of lamellar η phases along grain boundaries plays a crucial role in reducing the mechanical properties of hot-rolled C286 stainless steel when compared to forged counterpart. The precipitated η phase consumes Ni and Ti elements in its surrounding zones, which affects the formation of γ'-Ni₃(Ti, Al) strengthening phase, and further impacts the mechanical property improvement of the stainless steel.

Key words: C286 stainless steel, forging, hot-rolling, mechanical properties, η phase, γ' phase

中图分类号:

TG141

邢珂珂, 彭伟锋, 王金华, 张静, 张荣, 薛佳宁. 不同热加工方式下C286无磁不锈钢性能差异性分析[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(8): 40-45.

Xing Keke, Peng Weifeng, Wang Jinhua, Zhang Jing, Zhang Rong, Xue Jianing. Property difference analysis of C286 non-magnetic stainless steel hot processed by different methods[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(8): 40-45.

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