焊后冷却速度对X80管线钢组织与性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.07.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机对X80管线钢进行焊接模拟,研究不同焊后冷却速度(对应t_8/5为10、30、60、150 s)下的组织和性能变化。结果表明:当焊后冷速较快,t_8/5为10~30 s时,X80管线钢焊接热影响区的组织主要为细密的板条贝氏体和沿板条界分布的纳米级碳化物;当冷速较慢,t_8/5为60 s时,组织转变为板条状铁素体和相邻板条间细小的岛状M/A组元;当冷速继续降低、t_8/5为150 s时,组织由多边形铁素体和大尺寸、形状不规则的M/A组元形成。EBSD结果表明,当焊后冷速慢、t_8/5为150 s时,大角度晶界占比较低;当焊后冷速快、t_8/5为10 s时,基体局部应变和位错密度略有提高。此外,当焊后冷速慢、t_8/5为150 s时,因粗大M/A组元形成,冲击性能大幅降低。焊后冷速控制t_8/5在60 s以内时,X80管线钢焊接热影响区可获得优异的强韧性。

关键词: 管线钢, 焊接热模拟, 显微组织, M/A岛, 力学性能

Abstract: Welding simulation experiments were conducted on X80 pipeline steel by using Gleeble-3800 thermal simulator to investigate microstructure and properties evolution under different post-weld cooling rates (corresponding t_8/5 of 10, 30, 60, 150 s). The results indicate that at faster cooling rates with t_8/5 of 10-30 s, the heat affected zone (HAZ) microstructure consists of fine lath bainite with nano-sized carbides distributed along lath boundaries. When the cooling rate decreases to corresponding t_8/5 of 60 s, the microstructure transforms to lath ferrite with fine island-shaped M/A constituents between adjacent laths. Further decreasing the cooling rate to corresponding t_8/5 of 150 s results in the formation of polygonal ferrite and large irregularly-shaped M/A constituents. The EBSD analysis reveals that slower cooling (t_8/5=150 s) leads to a lower proportion of high-angle grain boundaries, while faster cooling (t_8/5=10 s) induces slight increasing in local strain and dislocation density within the matrix. Furthermore, the impact property significantly deteriorates at t_8/5=150 s due to the formation of coarse M/A constituents. Optimal strength-toughness balance in HAZ of the X80 pipeline steel can be achieved when the post-weld cooling rate is controlled as t_8/5 within 60 s.

Key words: pipeline steel, welding thermal simulation, microstructure, M/A island, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG142.31

付立武, 燕冰川, 张舒展, 刘庚, 刘世博, 史显波, 严伟. 焊后冷却速度对X80管线钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(7): 81-88.

Fu Liwu, Yan Bingchuan, Zhang Shuzhan, Liu Geng, Liu Shibo, Shi Xianbo, Yan Wei. Effect of post-welding cooling rate on microstructure and properties of X80 pipeline steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(7): 81-88.

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