奥氏体化后冷速对P92钢显微组织及热稳定性的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.10.005

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (10): 30-38.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.10.005

奥氏体化后冷速对P92钢显微组织及热稳定性的影响

马佳林¹, 李勇^2,3, 方一鸣¹, 王万里^2,3, 占先强^2,3, 刘俊建^2,3, 王家庆^2,3, 汤文明¹

1.合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院, 安徽合肥 230009;
2.大唐锅炉压力容器检验中心有限公司, 安徽合肥 230088;
3.中国大唐集团科学技术研究总院有限公司华东电力试验研究院, 安徽合肥 230088

收稿日期:2025-04-28 修回日期:2025-08-24 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-11-04
通讯作者: 汤文明,教授,博士,E-mail: wmtang69@126.com
作者简介:马佳林(2000—),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为电站耐热钢性能评估,E-mail: 2227250246@qq.com。

Effect of cooling rate of undercooled austenite on microstructure and thermal stability of P92 steel

Ma Jialin¹, Li Yong^2,3, Fang Yiming¹, Wang Wanli^2,3, Zhan Xianqiang^2,3, Liu Junjian^2,3, Wang Jiaqing^2,3, Tang Wenming¹

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei Anhui 230009, China;
2. Datang Boiler Pressure Vessel Inspection Center Co., Ltd., Hefei Anhui 230088, China;
3. East China Electric Power Test and Research Institute, Datang Corporation Science and Technology Research General Institute Co., Ltd., Hefei Anhui 230088, China

Received:2025-04-28 Revised:2025-08-24 Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-11-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探明P92钢管道长期服役后外壁低硬度的形成原因,对供货态P92钢试样在1060 ℃奥氏体化后以不同速率冷却,再经760 ℃回火,测试其显微组织及室温、高温力学性能;随后,针对具有相近显微组织特征的0.556和0.1 ℃/s冷速试样开展650 ℃时效组织稳定性的对比研究。结果表明,P92钢在奥氏体化后冷速不低于0.1 ℃/s时,均可得到全部的马氏体组织,但0.1 ℃/s冷速得到的马氏体板条较宽,硬度和强度较低。高温时效过程中,相对于奥氏体化后空冷(0.556 ℃/s),冷速较慢(0.1 ℃/s)的马氏体分解、析出相颗粒聚集长大及铁素体回复再结晶速度快,热稳定性低,力学性能快速下降,时效2000 h后,其硬度已接近GB/T 5310—2023要求的下限,服役寿命及可靠性明显降低。

关键词: P92钢管道, 奥氏体化, 冷却速率, 显微组织, 力学性能, 热稳定性

Abstract: Aiming to clarify low hardness cause of the P92 steel pipe in service for a long term, the as-supplied P92 steel specimens were austenitized at 1060 ℃, cooled with different cooling rates, and then tempered at 760 ℃. The microstructure, room temperature and high temperature mechanical properties of the steel were investigated. Further, a comparative study on the microstructure stability of the 0.556 and 0.1 ℃/s cooled P92 steel with the similar microstructural characteristics was carried out after aging at 650 ℃ for different time. The results show that when the cooling rate of the P92 steel after austenitizing is not less than 0.1 ℃/s, whole martensite can be obtained, but the martensite laths obtained by 0.1 ℃/s are larger, and the hardness and strength are lower. During high-temperature aging, comparing with air cooling (0.556 ℃/s) after austenitizing, the decomposition of martensite, the aggregation and growth of precipitates, and the recovery and recrystallization of ferrite are fast when the cooling rate is slower (0.1 ℃/s), resulting in lower thermal stability and mechanical properties. After aging for 2000 h, the hardness is close to the lower limit requirement of GB/T 5310—2023, indicating a distinct reduction of the service life and reliability of the P92 steel.

Key words: P92 steel pipe, austenitization, cooling rate, microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal stability

中图分类号:

TG142.1

马佳林, 李勇, 方一鸣, 王万里, 占先强, 刘俊建, 王家庆, 汤文明. 奥氏体化后冷速对P92钢显微组织及热稳定性的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(10): 30-38.

Ma Jialin, Li Yong, Fang Yiming, Wang Wanli, Zhan Xianqiang, Liu Junjian, Wang Jiaqing, Tang Wenming. Effect of cooling rate of undercooled austenite on microstructure and thermal stability of P92 steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(10): 30-38.

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奥氏体化后冷速对P92钢显微组织及热稳定性的影响

Effect of cooling rate of undercooled austenite on microstructure and thermal stability of P92 steel

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