M50轴承钢高温硬度与高温强度的关系

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.01.012

金属热处理 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (1): 79-86.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.01.012

M50轴承钢高温硬度与高温强度的关系

刘占彬¹, 高怡斐^1,2, 刘兰舟^1,2, 马亚鑫^1,2, 陈新², 栗伟通², 张敬敏², 李硕²

1.钢铁研究总院有限公司, 北京 100081;
2.钢研纳克检测技术股份有限公司, 北京 100081

收稿日期:2025-09-01 修回日期:2025-11-25 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-01-27
通讯作者: 高怡斐,正高级工程师,E-mail:Gaoyifei@ ncschina.com
作者简介:刘占彬(1997—),男,博士研究生,主要研究方向为轴承钢等材料的高温力学性能测试,E-mail:gglzb123456@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2023YFB3712100); 高温维氏硬度计的应用及试验方法的研究(ZNCS219)

Relationship between high temperature hardness and high temperature strength of M50 bearing steel

Liu Zhanbin¹, Gao Yifei^1,2, Liu Lanzhou^1,2, Ma Yaxin^1,2, Chen Xin², Li Weitong², Zhang Jingmin², Li Shuo²

1. Central Iron & Steel Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China;
2. NCS Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China

Received:2025-09-01 Revised:2025-11-25 Online:2026-01-25 Published:2026-01-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜及高温XRD对M50高温轴承钢进行了显微组织表征;利用高温硬度试验和高温拉伸试验,获得了不同温度下该轴承钢的力学性能数值,并通过Origin软件对M50高温轴承钢高温硬度和高温强度的数据进行了处理。组织分析结果表明,从室温到500 ℃,M50轴承钢的组织形态均为细小针状回火马氏体及棒状、颗粒状碳化物,结合高温XRD结果,印证了高温下M50轴承钢的组织稳定性。高温硬度试验和高温拉伸试验结果表明,该材料从室温到500℃的硬度与强度均随温度升高而降低。借助Origin软件,拟合得到该材料室温到500 ℃内屈服强度、抗拉强度与硬度之间均具备线性关系,展现了通过高温硬度预测高温强度的潜力。

关键词: M50高温轴承钢, 显微组织, 高温硬度, 高温强度, 线性关系

Abstract: Microstructural characterization of M50 high-temperature bearing steel was conducted by means of metallurgical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and high-temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical property data of the bearing steel at different temperatures was measured by high temperature hardness tests and high temperature tensile tests, while the data regarding its high-temperature hardness and high-temperature strength were processed via Origin software. The microstructural analysis results indicate that within the temperature range from room temperature to 500 ℃, the microstructure of M50 bearing steel consists of fine acicular tempered martensite, together with rod-shaped and granular carbides, and the microstructural stability of M50 bearing steel under high temperature conditions is confirmed combined with the results of high-temperature XRD tests. The findings from the high-temperature hardness and tensile tests reveale that both the hardness and strength of the material decrease with the increase in temperature from room temperature to 500 ℃. Through data fitting with Origin software, it is found that there are linear relationships between the hardness and both the yield strength and tensile strength of the material within the temperature range from room temperature to 500 ℃, which demonstrates the potential of predicting high temperature strength by means of high temperature hardness.

Key words: M50 high-temperature bearing steel, microstructure, high temperature hardness, high temperature strength, linear relationship

中图分类号:

TG142.1⁺2

刘占彬, 高怡斐, 刘兰舟, 马亚鑫, 陈新, 栗伟通, 张敬敏, 李硕. M50轴承钢高温硬度与高温强度的关系[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(1): 79-86.

Liu Zhanbin, Gao Yifei, Liu Lanzhou, Ma Yaxin, Chen Xin, Li Weitong, Zhang Jingmin, Li Shuo. Relationship between high temperature hardness and high temperature strength of M50 bearing steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2026, 51(1): 79-86.

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M50轴承钢高温硬度与高温强度的关系

Relationship between high temperature hardness and high temperature strength of M50 bearing steel

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