Zr微合金化同步提高Al-Cu合金强度和塑性的机制

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.11.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了Zr元素对Al-Cu合金力学性能和微观组织的影响,制备了含有球状Al₃Zr析出相的Al-Cu-Zr合金,并与Al-Cu合金进行了对比。性能对比结果表明,与Al-Cu合金相比,Al-Cu-Zr合金实现了强度和延伸率的同步提高。Zr的添加细化了晶粒并成功引入球状Al₃Zr析出相,形成了球状Al₃Zr相与盘片状θ′相的混合析出组织,更小的晶粒和额外引入的球状相提高了Al-Cu-Zr合金的屈服强度。此外,进一步地定量分析表明,Al-Cu合金和Al-Cu-Zr合金具有相近的加工硬化指数,说明球状Al₃Zr相的引入未损害合金的加工硬化能力,反而通过提高非位错强度贡献比例优化了抗拉强度-均匀延伸率关系,实现了强度与延伸率的同步提升。

关键词: Al-Cu合金, Zr微合金化, 强度, 延伸率, 析出相, 晶粒细化

Abstract: Effect of Zr element on the mechanical properties and microstructure of Al-Cu alloy was investigated. The Al-Cu-Zr alloy containing spherical Al₃Zr precipitates were prepared and compared with Al-Cu alloy. The results show that compared to the Al-Cu alloy, the Al-Cu-Zr alloy achieves a simultaneous improvement in both the strength and elongation. The addition of Zr refines the grain size and successfully introduces spherical Al₃Zr precipitates, forming a mixed precipitated structure of spherical Al₃Zr and disk-shaped θ′ phases. The smaller grain size and the additional spherical precipitates contribute to an increase in the yield strength of the Al-Cu-Zr alloy. Furthermore, quantitative analysis reveals that the Al-Cu alloy and Al-Cu-Zr alloy exhibit similar strain-hardening exponents, indicating that the introduction of spherical Al₃Zr precipitates does not impair the alloy work-hardening ability. On the contrary, it optimizes the relationship between ultimate tensile strength and uniform elongation by increasing the non-dislocation contribution ratio to strength, thus achieving a simultaneous enhancement of both the strength and elongation.

Key words: Al-Cu alloy, Zr microalloying, strength, elongation, precipitates, grain refinement

中图分类号:

TG146.2⁺1

朱宇虹, 李周选, 朱宇成, 盛叶弘, 高义波, 谈佳栋. Zr微合金化同步提高Al-Cu合金强度和塑性的机制[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(11): 42-48.

Zhu Yuhong, Li Zhouxuan, Zhu Yucheng, Sheng Yehong, Gao Yibo, Tan Jiadong. Mechanisms of simultaneous improvement of strength and plasticity of Al-Cu alloy through Zr microalloying[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(11): 42-48.

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