碳含量对低铬合金钢微观组织与力学性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.07.025

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (7): 178-184.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.07.025

碳含量对低铬合金钢微观组织与力学性能的影响

柴静^1,2, 郑志斌^2,3, 王帅², 龙骏², 韩培贤³, 朱胜利¹, 郑开宏²

1.兰州交通大学材料科学与工程学院, 甘肃兰州 730070;
2.广东省科学院新材料研究所国家钛及稀有金属粉末冶金工程技术研究中心广东省金属强韧化技术与应用重点实验室, 广东广州 510620;
3.江西联峰熔模铸造有限公司, 江西宜春 336300

收稿日期:2025-02-10 修回日期:2025-05-09 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-07-28
通讯作者: 郑志斌,教授级高级工程师,博士,E-mail:zhengzhibin@gdinm.com
作者简介:柴静(1999—),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为耐磨钢的组织性能及磨损行为,E-mail:2777352934@qq.com。
基金资助:
江西省重点研发计划(20243BBG71023);广东省海洋经济发展专项(粤自然资合[2024]32);广东省学科类重点实验室评估专项(2023B1212060043);广东省科学院新材料研究所专项(2023GINMZX-202301020102);广西重点研发计划(桂科AB24010120);江西省“双千计划”(S2020CXTD0356)

Effect of carbon content on microstructure and mechanical properties of low chromium alloy steel

Chai Jing^1,2, Zheng Zhibin^2,3, Wang Shuai², Long Jun², Han Peixian³, Zhu Shengli¹, Zheng Kaihong²

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, China;
2. Institute of New Materials, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Powder Metallurgy of Titanium & Rare Metals, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metal Toughening Technology and Application, Guangzhou Guangdong 510620, China;
3. Jiangxi Lianfeng Investment Casting Co., Ltd., Yichun Jiangxi 336300, China

Received:2025-02-10 Revised:2025-05-09 Online:2025-07-25 Published:2025-07-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)、硬度测试、室温冲击和拉伸性能测试等方法研究了碳含量(0.27%~0.48%)对Cr含量为3.3%的低铬耐磨合金钢的微观组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着碳含量的增加,经1000 ℃淬火后的低铬合金钢组织由板条状马氏体居多转变为片状马氏体居多,整体平均晶粒尺寸减小,马氏体板条尺寸逐渐变细,组织得到明显细化,且有逐渐析出Cr与Mo的碳化物,组织中出现更明显的残留奥氏体。低铬合金钢的硬度随着碳含量的增加逐渐上升,无缺口室温冲击吸收能量随着碳含量的增加下降,强度和断后伸长率均随着碳含量的增加呈现出先上升后下降的变化规律。当碳含量为0.36%时,低铬合金钢的抗拉强度为2138 MPa,屈服强度为1308 MPa,伸长率达到15%,拥有良好的强韧性匹配。

关键词: 耐磨合金钢, 碳含量, 显微组织, 力学性能

Abstract: Effect of carbon content (0.27%-0.48%) on microstructure and mechanical properties of a low chromium wear-resistant alloy steel with Cr content of 3.3% was investigated by means of metallurgical microscope, scanning electron microscope, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), hardness test, impact and tensile tests at room temperature. The results show that with the increase of carbon content, the microstructure of the tested low-chromium alloy steel after quenching at 1000 ℃ is transformed from being dominated by lath martensite to being dominated by plate martensite, the overall average grain size decreases, the size of the martensite lath gradually becomes finer, and the microstructure is obviously refined, meanwhile, the carbides of Cr and Mo gradually precipitates, and more obvious retained austenite appears. The hardness of the low chromium alloy steel increases with the increase of carbon content, while the un-notched room temperature impact absorbed energy decreases, moreover, the strength and elongation increase first and then decrease. The best matching of strength and toughness of the steel is obtained with the carbon content of 0.36%, where the tensile strength is 2138 MPa, the yield strength is 1308 MPa, and the elongation reaches 15%.

Key words: wear-resistant alloy steel, carbon content, microstructure, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG142.1

柴静, 郑志斌, 王帅, 龙骏, 韩培贤, 朱胜利, 郑开宏. 碳含量对低铬合金钢微观组织与力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(7): 178-184.

Chai Jing, Zheng Zhibin, Wang Shuai, Long Jun, Han Peixian, Zhu Shengli, Zheng Kaihong. Effect of carbon content on microstructure and mechanical properties of low chromium alloy steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(7): 178-184.

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碳含量对低铬合金钢微观组织与力学性能的影响

Effect of carbon content on microstructure and mechanical properties of low chromium alloy steel

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