工程机械用高强耐磨钢35MnB的热处理工艺优化

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.02.032

金属热处理 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 218-224.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.02.032

工程机械用高强耐磨钢35MnB的热处理工艺优化

王朝峰^1,2, 金丹³, 刘存波³, 姜少宁^1,2,3, 林江海^1,2, 王海强⁴, 刘代平⁴, 田从丰⁵

1.山东省机械设计研究院, 山东济南 250031;
2.齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院) 机械工程学部, 山东济南 250353;
3.山推工程机械股份有限公司, 山东济宁 272073;
4.山东豪迈机械科技股份有限公司, 山东潍坊 261500;
5.山东省共同体工程机械有限公司, 山东济宁 272100

收稿日期:2025-09-09 修回日期:2026-01-04 发布日期:2026-03-05
通讯作者: 姜少宁,副教授,硕士生导师,E-mail:jsn@qlu.edu.cn
作者简介:王朝峰(1979—),男,高级工程师,主要从事工程机械及关键零部件、工艺装备、非标成套装备的研发及应用,E-mail:wcf@qlu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
2024年山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2024CXGC010201);山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2023TSGC0585);山东省重点研发计划(2023CXPT088)

Optimization of heat treatment process for high-strength wear-resistant steel in construction machinery

Wang Chaofeng^1,2, Jin Dan³, Liu Cunbo³, Jiang Shaoning^1,2,3, Lin Jianghai^1,2, Wang Haiqiang⁴, Liu Daiping⁴, Tian Congfeng⁵

1. Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan Shandong 250031, China;
2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan Shandong 250353, China;
3. Shantui Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Jining Shandong 272073, China;
4. HIMILE Mechanical Science and Technology (Shandong) Co., Ltd., Weifang Shandong 261500, China;
5. Shandong Community Engineering Machinery Co., Ltd., Jining Shandong 272100, China

Received:2025-09-09 Revised:2026-01-04 Published:2026-03-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以成分优化后的高强耐磨钢35MnB为研究对象,通过膨胀仪法研究了不同冷却速度下试验钢的相变点,优化了热处理工艺参数,并对优化后的组织和力学性能进行了分析。结果表明,35MnB试验钢的Ms点为260 ℃,Mf点为140 ℃;当淬火温度为(830±10) ℃、冷却速度高于10 ℃/s时,可获得细化的板条状马氏体组织,维氏硬度达到(600±20) HV。随后采用该工艺淬火并进行低温回火,形成了针状回火马氏体组织,说明830 ℃加热、10 ℃/s冷却能够细化组织。回火马氏体组织中残奥含量低于0.3%,组织中存在大角度晶界、小角度位错,组织均匀、淬透性好,晶粒无明显择优取向。35MnB试验钢的强度、硬度、冲击性能均得到了提高,说明成分调整后,通过热处理工艺优化解决了强硬度和冲击性能难以兼顾的问题,采用细晶强化机理分析了组织和性能的相关性。

关键词: 耐磨钢, 热处理, 显微组织, 力学性能, 细晶强化

Abstract: Composition-optimised high-strength, wear-resistant steel 35MnB was investigated. The dilatometer method was conducted to investigate the phase transformation points of the tested steel at different cooling rates, and then the heat treatment process parameters were optimized, the microstructure and mechanical properties after optimization were analyzed. The results show that the Ms point of the tested 35MnB steel is 260 ℃ and the Mf point is 140 ℃. When the quenching temperature is (830±10) ℃ and the cooling rate exceeds 10 ℃/s, the steel forms a lath martensite structure, with a Vickers hardness of (600±20) HV, and a needle-like tempered martensite structure is obtaind after low-temperature tempering, which indicates that heating at 830 ℃ and cooling at 10 ℃/s refines the microstructure. The retained austenite content in the tempered microstructure is below 0.3%. The microstructure exhibits high-angle grain boundaries and small-angle dislocations, with a uniform distribution, good hardenability, and no clear preferential grain orientation. The strength, hardness, and impact property of the tested high-strength, wear-resistant steel are all improved. This demonstrates that the issue of incompatibility between high strength and impact property is addressed through the composition adjustment and heat treatment process optimization. The correlation between microstructure and performance is analyzed using the fine-grain strengthening mechanism.

Key words: wear-resistant steel, heat treatment, microstructure, mechanical properties, grain refinement strengthening

中图分类号:

TG142.72

王朝峰, 金丹, 刘存波, 姜少宁, 林江海, 王海强, 刘代平, 田从丰. 工程机械用高强耐磨钢35MnB的热处理工艺优化[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 218-224.

Wang Chaofeng, Jin Dan, Liu Cunbo, Jiang Shaoning, Lin Jianghai, Wang Haiqiang, Liu Daiping, Tian Congfeng. Optimization of heat treatment process for high-strength wear-resistant steel in construction machinery[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2026, 51(2): 218-224.

参考文献

[1] Wu J H, Liu M, Sun L Y, et al. Sliding wear behaviors of low alloy high strength martensite wear-resistant steels[J]. Wear, 2024, 558-559.
[2] Su W, Wen Y, Zhang Q Y. Effects of Ni and Cu additions on microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistances of ultra-coarse grained WC-6Co cemented carbides[J]. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, 2018, 70: 176-83.
[3] Zhu H, Bai T S, Shen B R, et al. An investigation into crack initiation and extension mechanism of laminar plasma quenched-tempered rail material with different quenched zones[J]. Tribology International, 2024, 199: 109983.
[4] Arabaci U. The effects of oil-quenching and over-tempering heat treatments on the dry sliding wear behaviours of 25CrMo4 steel[J]. Heliyon, 2024, 10(3): e25589.
[5] 郝芳, 王福明, 金桂香, 等. 吐丝温度对82B高碳钢动态CCT曲线的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2011, 36(12): 4-8.
Hao Fang, Wang Fuming, Jin Guixiang, et al. Effect of loop laying temperature on dynamic CCT curve of high carbon steel 82B[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2011, 36(12): 4-8.
[6] 黄小山, 闫博, 李声延, 等. 75钢热轧盘条的热模拟试验分析[J]. 山东冶金, 2023, 45(4): 31-34.
Huang Xiaoshan, Yan Bo, Li Shengyan, et al. Experimental analysis of thermal simulation of 75 steel hot rolled wire rod[J]. Shandong Metallurgy, 2023, 45(4): 31-34.
[7] Tang E, Yuan Q, Zhang R, et al. Rapid heat treatment yields excellent strength and ductility balance in a wear-resistant steel[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2024, 30: 2596-2608.
[8] 王吉应, 朱帅帅, 李琦, 等. 淬火温度对热成形22MnB5马氏体钢组织及性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2018, 43(9): 75-79.
Wang Jiying, Zhu Shuaishuai, Li Qi, et al. Effect of quenching temperature on microstructure and properties of thermoformed 22MnB5 martensitic steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2018, 43(9): 75-79.
[9] 许克好, 周娜, 惠亚军, 等. 冷却速度对900 MPa级冷轧马氏体钢组织性能的影响[J]. 中国冶金, 2020, 30(8): 30-34.
Xu Kehao, Zhou Na, Hui Yajun, et al. Effect of cooling rate on mechanical properties and microstructure of 900 MPa grade cold rolled martensitic steel[J]. China Metallurgy, 2020, 30(8): 30-34.
[10] 陈鑫, 徐光, 姚耔杉, 等. NM400马氏体耐磨钢静态CCT曲线[J]. 特殊钢, 2021, 42(3): 63-66.
Chen Xin, Xu Guang, Yao Zishan, et al. Static CCT curve of martensite wear-resistant steel NM400[J]. Special Steel, 2021, 42(3): 63-66.
[11] 赵宝纯, 李桂艳, 柳永浩, 等. 含Mo低碳微合金钢CCT曲线的测定与分析[J]. 热加工工艺, 2008, 37(22): 37-39.
Zhao Baochun, Li Guiyan, Liu Yonghao, et al. Detection and analysis of CCT curve of low-carbon micro-alloyed steel with Mo[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2008, 37(22): 37-39.
[12] Li C R, Deng X T, Huang L, et al. Effect of temperature on microstructure, properties and sliding wear behavior of low alloy wear-resistant martensitic steel[J]. Wear, 2020, 442-443: 203125.
[13] 张维, 李沛海, 段移先, 等. 某船用齿轮箱输入轴锻件横向淬火裂纹机理分析及数值模拟[J]. 金属热处理, 2024, 49(10): 301-305.
Zhang Wei, Li Peihai, Duan Yixian, et al. Mechanism analysis and numerical simulation of transverse quenching crack in forgings for marine gear box input shaft[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2024, 49(10): 301-305.
[14] 耿志宇, 张宇, 薛晗, 等. 微合金化2000 MPa热成形钢的析出相热力学计算与强韧性[J]. 金属热处理, 2022, 47(11): 192-198.
Geng Zhiyu, Zhang Yu, Xue Han, et al. Thermodynamic calculation of precipitates in microalloyed 2000 MPa hot stamping steel and its strength and toughness[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2022, 47(11): 192-198.
[15] Han R Y, Yang G W, Zhao G, et al. Strengthening mechanism and three-body impact abrasive wear behavior of the hot-rolled air-cooling martensitic wear resistant steel[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2023, 24: 3023-3032.
[16] 王春燕. 40Cr圆钢拉伸断口的异常原因分析[J]. 热加工工艺, 2023, 52(3): 159-162.
Wang Chunyan. Analysis on abnormal tensile fracture of 40Cr round steel[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2023, 52(3): 159-162.
[17] 肖凯, 韩顺, 许忠智, 等. Ni含量对A330M超高强度钢组织性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2023, 48(11): 45-49.
Xiao Kai, Han Shun, Xu Zhongzhi, et al. Effect of Ni content on microstructure and properties of A330M ultra-high strength steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2023, 48(11): 45-49.
[18] Huang H H, Yang G W, Zhao G, et al. Effect of Nb on the microstructure and properties of Ti-Mo microalloyed high-strength ferritic steel[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2018, 736: 148-155.

工程机械用高强耐磨钢35MnB的热处理工艺优化

Optimization of heat treatment process for high-strength wear-resistant steel in construction machinery

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	孙逸舟, 林鹏, 崔晓磊, 韩业翔, 魏秋. AZ31镁合金管材低温旋压及退火后径向梯度组织与力学性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 10-15.
[2]	李嘉舒, 王丙兴, 李卓程, 朱文祥, 焦晶晶, 王斌, 田勇. 晶粒细化对PEMFC双极板用含N不锈钢力学性能与耐蚀性的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 38-46.
[3]	蒋明浩, 陈峙, 郭嘉. 7A09铝合金的超低温力学性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 67-72.
[4]	陈敏侠, 钱亚军, 易春洪. 高性能NM450耐磨钢的研发[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 72-76.
[5]	林路宇, 肖俊, 林柏新, 邱思语, 傅彦青, 常海林, 赵爱民. 大直径冷滚压预应力螺纹钢筋的显微组织与力学性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 89-96.
[6]	闫敬明, 张骏, 周宁, 张建伟, 杨占君. P92钢管弯头组织差异原因分析[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 96-100.
[7]	陈濛潇, 成卓, 钟勇. N含量对超高强双相钢DP980组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 112-117.
[8]	皮智敏, 黄宏锋, 柳明, 汝志强, 邱明, 韩昶, 李恩邦. Sc、Zr复合添加对Al-Mg-Si合金时效析出及力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 126-135.
[9]	杜丽萍, 赵吉庆, 龚志华, 杨钢. Cu对15Cr超级马氏体不锈钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 136-144.
[10]	邱大卫, 刘记立, 李喜德, 刘维, 王昊宇. 不同预变形DD6单晶高温合金的再结晶临界残余应力[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 153-162.
[11]	许文兵, 周海安, 冯以盛, 张云山, 赵而团. 基于不同热处理工艺的弹簧钢性能及其板簧寿命预测[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 183-188.
[12]	侯晓辉, 闫俊伟, 帅美荣, 王建梅, 李保平, 苗建军. 二十辊轧机用Cr8钢冷轧辊的热处理工艺及合金化成分优化[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 204-210.
[13]	胡继康, 殷立涛, 李洲, 邓想涛, 徐流杰. 等温淬火对低温用18Ni(200)马氏体时效钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 211-217.
[14]	张春, 李颂勋, 王曦, 徐飞越, 陈文轩. 回火温度对预变形QP980钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 238-244.
[15]	王长波, 李欢欢, 保先恒, 王建泽, 惠洋, 马金元. 退火温度对新型铁素体不锈钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 245-250.