锭型尺寸与合金成分对镍基高温合金锭热透性的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.02.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究不同工业锭在加热过程中的热透性差异,通过有限元模拟软件对不同锭型尺寸与不同合金成分的镍基高温合金锭热透性进行了研究。结果表明:不同尺寸(直径240、406、508、660、810、1050 mm)合金锭加热过程中的温度变化趋势相同,表面温度在开始阶段迅速升高,随时间的延长温升速度减慢,呈现出“先快后慢”的升温趋势;心部开始时温升速度较慢,至表面温度大幅度升高后速度明显增大,而后随时间的延长温升速度减慢,呈现出“慢-快-慢”的升温趋势。尺寸越大,合金锭的热透性越差,热透时间与合金锭尺寸存在着指数关系,在此基础上建立了GH4169合金的加热到温模型,预测精度良好。不同合金成分的合金锭(GH4169、GH4738、GH4720Li、GH4975)热透性存在差异,该差异与热导率和比热容有关,比热容小、热导率高的合金锭更容易热透。

关键词: 镍基高温合金, 热透性, 锭型尺寸, 合金成分, 数值模拟

Abstract: In order to explore the difference of thermal permeability of different industrial ingots during heating, the thermal permeability of nickel-based superalloy ingots with different ingot sizes and different alloy compositions was investigated by finite element simulation. The results indicate that alloy ingots of varying sizes (with diameters of 240, 406, 508, 660, 810, 1050 mm) exhibit a consistent temperature change trend, where the surface temperature rises rapidly at the beginning, and the temperature rise rate slows down with the extension of time, showing a temperature rise trend of "first fast and then slow". At the beginning, the temperature rise rate in the core is slow, it increases significantly when the surface temperature rises substantially, and then slows down as time progresses, exhibiting a temperature rise trend of "slow-fast-slow". The larger the size of the alloy ingot, the poorer its thermal permeability. There is an exponential relationship between the thermal permeability time and the size of the alloy ingot. Based on this, a heating-to-the temperature model for GH4169 alloy is established, with good prediction accuracy. The thermal permeability of alloy ingots with different alloy compositions (GH4169, GH4738, GH4720Li and GH4975) is different, which is related to the thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity. The alloy ingots with small specific heat capacity and high thermal conductivity are more likely to be fully heated through.

Key words: nickel-based superalloy, thermal permeability, ingot size, alloy composition, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TG146.1

魏振, 江河, 董建新. 锭型尺寸与合金成分对镍基高温合金锭热透性的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 105-112.

Wei Zhen, Jiang He, Dong Jianxin. Effect of size and alloy composition on thermal permeability of nickel-based superalloy ingot[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2026, 51(2): 105-112.

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