时效对6056铝合金性能与微观结构的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.12.020

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (12): 134-138.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.12.020

时效对6056铝合金性能与微观结构的影响

杨振兴^1,2, 韦祖祥^1,2, 谢飞^1,2, 林清泉^1,2, 黄程毅^1,2, 徐燕萍^1,2

1.广西南南铝加工有限公司, 广西南宁 530031;
2.广西铝合金材料与加工重点实验室, 广西南宁 530031

收稿日期:2025-07-25 修回日期:2025-10-05 发布日期:2026-01-06
通讯作者: 韦祖祥, 工程师,E-mail:982217824@qq.com
作者简介:杨振兴(1992—),男,工程师,主要从事铝合金材料及加工工艺研究,E-mail:yangzhenxing@algig.cn。
基金资助:
2024年自治区国资委监管企业科技创新资金项目; 2024年南宁市江南区科技重大专项(20240826-01)

Effect of aging on properties and microstructure of 6056 aluminum alloy

Yang Zhenxing^1,2, Wei Zuxiang^1,2, Xie Fei^1,2, Lin Qingquan^1,2, Huang Chengyi^1,2, Xu Yanping^1,2

1. ALG Aluminum Inc., Nanning Guangxi 530031, China;
2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Materials and Processes of Aluminum Alloys, Nanning Guangxi 530031, China

Received:2025-07-25 Revised:2025-10-05 Published:2026-01-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用力学性能测试、热分析DSC测试、导电率测试、腐蚀试验以及SEM分析等手段,研究了2%预拉伸后分别进行170、185和225 ℃人工时效处理对6056铝合金性能与微观结构的影响。结果发现,人工时效前对合金进行2%预拉伸可有效促进基体中β″相形成,合金强度更高。185 ℃×120 min人工时效后,合金达到峰时效(PA)状态,屈服强度为364 MPa,抗拉强度为393 MPa;时效温度越高,硬化速率越快,达到PA强度所需时间越短,时效温度为225 ℃时,合金达到PA强度仅需20 min。研究还发现,相比时效时间,导电率对时效温度的敏感性更强,合金在更高的时效温度下可获得更高的导电率。合金在PA状态,晶间腐蚀最严重,在欠时效(UA)阶段,晶间腐蚀有所下降,时效600 min后,最大腐蚀深度下降至98.6 μm,这是由于过时效(OA)阶段,晶界处断续分布的Q相不能与PFZ构成连续分布的微观腐蚀电池,使得晶间腐蚀驱动力降低,晶间腐蚀减弱。

关键词: 6056铝合金, 预拉伸, 人工时效, 微观结构, 晶间腐蚀, 导电率

Abstract: Effects of artificial aging treatments at 170, 185, and 225 ℃ on the properties and microstructure of 6056 aluminum alloy after 2% pre-stretching were investigated using mechanical property testing, thermal analysis (DSC), conductivity testing, corrosion testing, and SEM analysis. The results show that pre-stretching the alloy by 2% before artificial aging can effectively promote the formation of the β″ phase in the matrix, resulting in higher alloy strength. After aging at 185 ℃ for 120 min, the alloy reaches the peak-aged (PA) state, with a yield strength of 364 MPa and tensile strength of 393 MPa. Higher aging temperatures lead to faster hardening rates and shorter time required to achieve the PA strength. At 225 ℃, the alloy reaches the PA strength in just 20 min. The study also finds that, compared to the aging time, the conductivity is more sensitive to the aging temperature, with higher conductivity achievable at elevated aging temperatures. In the PA state, intergranular corrosion is the most severe, while it decreases during the under-aged (UA) stage. After aging for 600 min, the maximum corrosion depth is dropped to 98.6 μm. This is attributed to the discontinuous distribution of the Q phase at grain boundaries during the over-aged(OA) stage, which prevents the formation of a continuous micro-corrosion cell with the PFZ, thereby reducing the driving force for intergranular corrosion and weakening its severity.

Key words: 6056 aluminum alloy, pre-stretching, artifical aging, microstructure, intergranular corrosion, conductivity

中图分类号:

TG146.21

杨振兴, 韦祖祥, 谢飞, 林清泉, 黄程毅, 徐燕萍. 时效对6056铝合金性能与微观结构的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(12): 134-138.

Yang Zhenxing, Wei Zuxiang, Xie Fei, Lin Qingquan, Huang Chengyi, Xu Yanping. Effect of aging on properties and microstructure of 6056 aluminum alloy[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(12): 134-138.

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时效对6056铝合金性能与微观结构的影响

Effect of aging on properties and microstructure of 6056 aluminum alloy

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