碳氮共渗处理对GCr15轴承钢摩擦磨损特性的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.08.031

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (8): 202-208.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.08.031

碳氮共渗处理对GCr15轴承钢摩擦磨损特性的影响

王霞¹, 郭浩^2,3, 李凯³, 刘文梦³, 宋瑞雪³, 王培^3,4, 樊少璞⁵, 马二克⁵

1.安阳工学院机械与航空制造工程学院,河南安阳 455000;
2.洛阳轴承研究所有限公司, 河南洛阳 471003;
3.河南工业大学材料科学与工程学院, 河南郑州 450001;
4.中国机械总院集团郑州机械研究所有限公司, 河南郑州 450052;
5.平顶山东方碳素股份有限公司, 河南平顶山 467045

收稿日期:2025-02-20 修回日期:2025-06-13 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-10
通讯作者: 王培,副教授,博士,E-mail:wangpei@haut.edu.cn
作者简介:王霞(1979—),女,副教授,硕士,主要研究方向为摩擦与润滑技术,E-mail:haustwangxia@126.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52175250);中国博士后面上项目(2023M743245)

Effect of carbonitriding treatment on friction and wear characteristics of GCr15 bearing steel

Wang Xia¹, Guo Hao^2,3, Li Kai³, Liu Wenmeng³, Song Ruixue³, Wang Pei^3,4, Fan Shaopu⁵, Ma Erke⁵

1. College of Mechanical and Aviation Manufacturing Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang Henan 455000, China;
2. Luoyang Bearing Research Institute Co., Ltd., Luoyang Henan 471003, China;
3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou Henan 450001, China;
4. China Academy of Machinery Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou Henan 450052, China;
5. Pingdingshan Oriental Carbon Co., Ltd., Pingdingshan Henan 467045, China

Received:2025-02-20 Revised:2025-06-13 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以GCr15钢/陶瓷复合某型号轴承为例,针对氮化硅陶瓷球与GCr15钢套圈配副运行过程中打滑磨损现象,通过对GCr15钢进行碳氮共渗处理,研究了氮化硅/碳氮共渗GCr15钢的微观组织结构、基本性能与滑动摩擦磨损特性,并与常规处理GCr15钢进行对比。结果表明,碳氮共渗GCr15钢的表层残留奥氏体含量为1.15%,表面硬度为63.6 HRC,摩擦因数为0.72,其硬度、摩擦性能均优于常规处理GCr15钢。经过碳氮共渗处理,磨屑形貌从常规处理的以片状为主变为以颗粒状为主,主要磨损机理从常规处理的以粘着磨损为主转变成以磨粒磨损为主。

关键词: 碳氮共渗, 轴承钢, 摩擦磨损, 微观结构

Abstract: A type of GCr15 steel/ceramic composite bearing was taken as an example, aiming at the slip-wear phenomenon during the operation of silicon nitride ceramic ball and the GCr15 steel ring, carbonitriding treatment was carried out on the GCr15 steel, and the microstructure, basic properties and sliding friction and wear characteristics of the silicon nitride/carbonitrided GCr15 steel were studied. The results show that the content of surface retained austenite of the carbonitrided GCr15 steel is 1.15%, the hardness is 63.6 HRC, and the friction coefficient is 0.72, the hardness and friction properties are better than those of the conventional treated GCr15 steel. After carbonitriding treatment, the morphology of the debris changes from mainly flake like to mainly granular, and the main wear mechanism shifts from mainly adhesive wear to mainly abrasive wear.

Key words: carbonitriding, bearing steel, fiction and wear, microstructure

中图分类号:

TG156.8

王霞, 郭浩, 李凯, 刘文梦, 宋瑞雪, 王培, 樊少璞, 马二克. 碳氮共渗处理对GCr15轴承钢摩擦磨损特性的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(8): 202-208.

Wang Xia, Guo Hao, Li Kai, Liu Wenmeng, Song Ruixue, Wang Pei, Fan Shaopu, Ma Erke. Effect of carbonitriding treatment on friction and wear characteristics of GCr15 bearing steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(8): 202-208.

参考文献

[1] Takegahana J, Koyama M, Jinno K, et al. Angular contact ball bearings for high-speed and heavy-cutting machine tools[J]. NTN Technical Review, 2018, 86: 56-61.
[2] Yang L Q, Xue W H, Gao S Y, et al. Effects of primary carbide size and type on the sliding wear and rolling contact fatigue properties of M50 bearing steel[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2023, 36: 1336-1352.
[3] Chang Z, Jia Q, Yuan X, et al. Main failure mode of oil-air lubricated rolling bearing installed in high speed machining[J]. Tribology International, 2017, 112: 68-74.
[4] 张国松, 崔洪芝, 程贵勤. GCr15钢气体渗氮+淬火复合处理及干摩擦行为[J]. 中国表面工程, 2016, 29(6): 30-37.
Zhang Guosong, Cui Hongzhi, Cheng Guiqin. Friction and wear behaviors of gas nitriding and quenching compound treatment of GCr15 steels[J]. China Surface Engineering, 2016, 29(6): 30-37.
[5] Bhattacharyya A, Subhash G, Arakere N, et al. Influence of residual stress and temperature on the cyclic hardening response of M50 high-strength bearing steel subjected to rolling contact fatigue[J]. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, 2015, 138(2): 021003.
[6] Xu H Q, Wang J G, Wang Q J. Influencing factors of fatigue life for rolling bearings[J]. Bearing, 2016, 5: 58-64.
[7] Rydel J J, Caraballo T, Guetard G, et al. Understanding the factors controlling rolling contact fatigue damage in VIM-VAR M50 steel[J]. International Journal of Fatigue, 2017, 108: 68-78.
[8] Matsunagaa H, Komatad H, Yamabe J. Effect of size and depth of small defect on the rolling contact fatigue strength of bearing steel JIS-SUJ2[J]. Procedia Materials Science, 2014, 3: 1663-1668.
[9] 蒋港辉, 李淑欣, 蒲吉斌, 等. 马氏体轴承钢碳氮共渗滚动接触疲劳失效机理[J]. 中国表面工程, 2022, 35(2): 12-23.
Jiang Ganghui, Li Shuxin, Pu Jibin, et al. Rolling contact fatigue failure mechanism of martensitic bearing steel after carbonitriding[J]. China Surface Engineering, 2022, 35(2): 12-23.
[10] Trojahn W, Valentin P. Bearing steel quality and bearing performance[J]. Materials Science and Technology, 2012, 28: 55-57.
[11] Tsunekage N, Hashimoto K, Fujimatsu T. Initiation Behavior of Crack Originated from Non-metallic Inclusion in Rolling Contact Fatigue[M]// Beswick J M. Bearing Steel Technology, 8th Volume: Developments in Rolling Bearing Steels and Testing. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 2010.
[12] Hashimoto K, Hiraoka K, Kida K, et al. Effect of sulphide inclusions on rolling contact fatigue life of bearing steels[J]. Materials Science and Technology, 2012, 28(1): 39-43.
[13] Guan J, Wang L Q, Zhang C W. Effects of non-metallic inclusions on the crack propagation in bearing steel[J]. Tribology International, 2017, 106: 123-131.
[14] Moroz A N, Glotka A A. Effect of the temperature of hot rolling on formation of microdiscontinuities on nonmetallic inclusions in steel ShKh15SG[J]. Metal Science and Heat Treatment, 2017, 58: 574-577.
[15] 周丽娜, 唐光泽, 马欣新, 等. M50钢碳分配过程中的组织演化[J]. 材料热处理学报, 2018, 39(1): 77-83.
Zhou Lina, Tang Guangze, Ma Xinxin, et al. Microstructure evolution of M50 steel during carbon partitioning process[J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 2018, 39(1): 77-83.
[16] 扈林庄, 王姗姗, 王浩, 等. 碳氮共渗GCr15钢的组织及性能[J]. 轴承, 2023(7): 52-56.
Hu Linzhuang, Wang Shanshan, Wang Hao, et al. Microstructure and properties of GCr15 steel carbonitrided[J]. Bearing, 2023(7): 52-56.
[17] 单琼飞, 王鑫, 薛文方, 等. GCr15钢碳氮共渗与马氏体淬火组织及性能试验对比研究[J]. 哈尔滨轴承, 2021, 42(2): 28-31.
Shan Qiongfei, Wang Xin, Xue Wenfang, et al. Comparative study on microstructure and properties of GCr15 steel after carbonitriding and martensite quenching[J]. Journal of Harbin Bearing, 2021, 42(2): 28-31.
[18] Guetard G, Toda-Caraballo I. Damage evolution around primary carbides under rolling contact fatigue in VIM-VAR M50[J]. International Journal of Fatigue, 2016, 91: 59-67.
[19] Guan J, Wang L Q, Li Y F, et al. Influence of rough surface on damage evolution and fatigue life of M50-bearing steel containing a spherical inclusion[J]. International Journal of Damage Mechanics, 2019, 28(10): 1580-1604.
[20] Guan J, Wang L Q, Zhang Z Q, et al. Fatigue crack nucleation and propagation at clustered metallic carbides in M50 bearing steel[J]. Tribology International, 2017, 119: 165-174.
[21] Wang F, Qian D S, Hua L, et al. Effect of high magnetic field on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of M50 bearing steel during tempering[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2019, 771: 138623.
[22] Su J, Qian D S, Wang F. Effect of prior cold ring rolling on carbide dissolution during the austenitizing process of an M50 bearing steel[J]. Materials Express, 2020, 10(7): 1010-1019.
[23] Rai A K, Nainaparampi J. Interaction of fomblin^© lubricant with surface nitrided and/or coated bearing (M50) steel[J]. Lubrication Science, 2009, 21(8): 305-320.
[24] Cao X J, Pyounb Y S, Murakami R. Fatigue properties of a S45C steel subjected to ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modiﬁcation[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2010, 256: 6297-6303.
[25] Qin H F, Ren Z C, Zhao J Y, et al. Effects of ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modiﬁcation on the wear and micropitting behavior of bearing steel in boundary lubricated steel-steel contacts[J]. Wear, 2017, 392-393: 29-38.
[26] 田斌, 岳文. 超声表面加工和硫氮共渗复合处理对35CrMo钢表面性能的影响[J]. 中国表面工程, 2016, 29(1): 103-110.
Tian Bin, Yue Wen. Influences of ultrasonic surface processing and nitriding-sulphurizing treatments on surface properties of 35CrMo steel[J]. China Surface Engineering, 2016, 29(1): 103-110.
[27] Vieillard C, Brizmer V, Kadin Y, et al. Benefits of hybrid bearings in severe conditions[J]. Evolution, 2017(3): 21-26.

碳氮共渗处理对GCr15轴承钢摩擦磨损特性的影响

Effect of carbonitriding treatment on friction and wear characteristics of GCr15 bearing steel

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	郭春成, 李海宏, 曾西军, 周锴, 信振飞, 迟宏宵, 马党参. Mo元素对马氏体不锈轴承钢渗层组织与硬度的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(8): 20-23.
[2]	王冰, 孙瀚, 程战, 吴元科, 钟素娟, 龙伟民, 关常勇. 激光功率对18CrNiMo渗碳钢淬火层组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(8): 103-109.
[3]	何龙祥, 孟令辉, 胡圣华, 路鸣君. 45钢真空碳氮共渗淬火的大批量生产工艺[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(8): 239-242.
[4]	龚雪玲, 顾剑锋, 王婧, 袁志钟, 王琴, 史有森. GCr15钢的碳氮共渗工艺参数及其对微观组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(7): 1-9.
[5]	陈霄, 祝思佳, 张龙, 满栋, 李世亮, 张志坚, 杨行, 胡保珠. 液压支架销轴表面激光熔覆层性能分析[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(6): 282-288.
[6]	方彬, 许自宽, 陈为浩, 谷金波, 迟宏宵, 王斌, 张鹏, 张哲峰. 渗碳与喷丸复合处理对齿轮轴承钢扭转疲劳性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(5): 1-8.
[7]	童善康, 王威, 甘晓龙, 薛正良, 田浩, 李德胜, 徐光. 盾构机用轴承钢热轧和球化退火过程中的组织演变及力学性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(5): 9-15.
[8]	朱丽华, 张银萍, 刘柏松, 冯文静, 李丽, 秦峰, 张欣杰, 王艳辉. 新型微合金化轴承钢的低温贝氏体组织及耐蚀性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(5): 16-21.
[9]	曾凯伦, 王迎春, 杨彬, 邱旭扬帆, 谷金波, 迟宏宵, 程兴旺. 冷处理对低碳Cr-Co-Mo-Ni高合金轴承钢组织性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(5): 22-26.
[10]	谢钊远, 尹德福, 姜婷, 周大元, 汪开忠, 丁雷. GCr15轴承钢棒材表面异常极细组织的形成及消除[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(5): 27-32.
[11]	谭昕暘, 陈昱婧, 侯廷平, 吴开明. 磁场下轴承钢中碳化物演变规律的研究进展[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(5): 33-39.
[12]	周丽娜, 杨晓峰, 麻健鹏, 魏英华, 于兴福. 纳米贝氏体对GCr15轴承钢M/B_n复合组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(5): 40-45.
[13]	郭春成, 李海宏, 曾西军, 周锴, 信振飞, 迟宏宵, 马党参. Mo对耐热轴承钢高温长时力学性能及组织演变的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(5): 51-56.
[14]	沈鑫珺, 王煜彬, 张永鹏, 杨军, 蒋鹏, 李帅傧, 时大方. 风电齿轮箱用100CrMo7-3轴承钢的奥氏体晶粒长大规律及模型构建[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(5): 57-65.
[15]	赵佳莉, 宋锦灏, 信瑞山, 张欣杰, 尚旭阳, 赵雷杰, 王艳辉. 新型渗碳22Cr2Ni3SiMo轴承钢的表层组织与性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(5): 66-71.