Q550D钢厚板辊式淬火过程的组织与应力演化规律

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.02.046

金属热处理 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 305-312.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.02.046

Q550D钢厚板辊式淬火过程的组织与应力演化规律

王宇阔¹, 丁祎¹, 魏敬兵¹, 李鸿煊¹, 王月香², 张驰¹

1.大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 辽宁大连 116024;
2.山东钢铁股份有限公司, 山东济南 271104

收稿日期:2025-09-13 修回日期:2025-12-26 发布日期:2026-03-05
通讯作者: 张驰,副教授,博士,E-mail:zhangchi@dlut.edu.cn
作者简介:王宇阔(2001—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事钢板热处理数值模拟研究,E-mail:1710798306@qq.com。

Microstructure and stress evolution law of Q550D steel thick plate during roller quenching

Wang Yukuo¹, Ding Yi¹, Wei Jingbing¹, Li Hongxuan¹, Wang Yuexiang², Zhang Chi¹

1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Liaoning 116024, China;
2. Shandong Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Jinan Shandong 271104, China

Received:2025-09-13 Revised:2025-12-26 Published:2026-03-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探究Q550D钢厚板淬火过程中组织与应力的演化规律,基于有限元软件Deform的热处理模块,建立了Q550D钢厚板在辊式淬火机中淬火过程的热-力-组织多场耦合的数值模型,并与工业辊式淬火后钢板样品的组织和应力进行了对比分析。结果表明:60 mm厚的Q550D钢板经过辊式淬火机淬火后,表层为马氏体组织,1/4厚度处与心部为贝氏体与铁素体的混合组织。表层的硬度为440 HV0.5,心部的硬度为220 HV0.5。淬火应力模拟值为:表层受到-645 MPa的压应力,心部受到273 MPa拉应力,残余应力测试值与模拟结果误差在20%以内,验证了模型的准确性。辊式淬火后钢板的残余应力是热应力与组织应力共同作用的结果。随着宽厚板厚度的增加,钢板整体残余应力水平增大,通过适当降低淬火机辊道速度或增大淬火机高压区水量的手段可以降低钢板整体的残余应力。

关键词: 高强钢, 辊式淬火机, 微观组织, 应力, 有限元法

Abstract: In order to explore the evolution process of microstructure and stress of Q550D steel thick plate during quenching, a thermal-mechanical-microstructural multi-field coupling for the roller quenching process of the Q550D steel thick plate was established by means of heat treatment module of finite element software Deform, the microstructure and stress of the steel plate specimens after industrial quenching were compared and analyzed. The results show that after quenching in the roller quenching machine, the microstructure of the surface layer of the steel plate with thickness of 60 mm is martensite, and those at the 1/4 thickness and the core are mixed structure of bainite and ferrite. The surface hardness is 440 HV0.5 and the core hardness is 220 HV0.5. The simulation value of quenching stresses shows that the surface is subjected to a compressive stress of -645 MPa, and the core is subjected to a tensile stress of 273 MPa. The error between the experimental and the simulated residual stress is within 20%, verifying the accuracy of the model. In the quenching process, the residual stress is the result of the interaction of thermal stress and structural stress. The overall residual stress level increases with the increase of plate thickness. The residual stress of the whole steel plate can be reduced by properly reducing the moving speed of the quenching machine roller or increasing the amount of water in the high-pressure zone of the quenching machine.

Key words: high strength steel, roller quenching machine, microstructure, stress, finite element method

中图分类号:

TG162.83

王宇阔, 丁祎, 魏敬兵, 李鸿煊, 王月香, 张驰. Q550D钢厚板辊式淬火过程的组织与应力演化规律[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 305-312.

Wang Yukuo, Ding Yi, Wei Jingbing, Li Hongxuan, Wang Yuexiang, Zhang Chi. Microstructure and stress evolution law of Q550D steel thick plate during roller quenching[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2026, 51(2): 305-312.

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Q550D钢厚板辊式淬火过程的组织与应力演化规律

Microstructure and stress evolution law of Q550D steel thick plate during roller quenching

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