碳钢板激光熔覆铁基涂层的组织与整体力学性能

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.11.050

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (11): 333-340.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.11.050

• 表面工程 • 上一篇

碳钢板激光熔覆铁基涂层的组织与整体力学性能

吴成峰^1,2, 徐凯², 杜娜², 郝静², 李燕乐³, 李先帅⁴

1.山东能源装备制造集团, 山东泰安 271000;
2.兖矿东华重工有限公司煤机装备制造分公司, 山东济宁 273500;
3.山东大学机械工程学院, 山东济南 250061;
4.山东雷石智能制造有限公司, 山东济南 250101

收稿日期:2025-06-08 修回日期:2025-09-24 发布日期:2025-12-16
通讯作者: 李燕乐,教授,博士,E-mail:yanle.li@sdu.edu.cn
作者简介:吴成峰(1982—),男,高级工程师,硕士,主要研究方向为煤矿液压支架制造技术与应用,E-mail:13562722313@163.com。
基金资助:
兖矿能源科技重点项目(YK2023B79)

Microstructure and overall mechanical properties of laser cladding iron-based coating on carbon steel plate

Wu Chengfeng^1,2, Xu Kai², Du Na², Hao Jing², Li Yanle³, Li Xianshuai⁴

1. Shandong Energy Equipment Manufacturing Group, Taian Shandong 271000, China;
2. Coal Machinery Equipment Manufacturing Branch, Yankuang Donghua Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Jining Shandong 273500, China;
3. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong 250061, China;
4. LATEC Advanced Manufacturing Ltd., Jinan Shandong 250101, China

Received:2025-06-08 Revised:2025-09-24 Published:2025-12-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究碳钢激光熔覆后熔覆板的整体力学性能变化,优化工艺参数,并对同一基板熔覆不同粉末的质量差异化分析。采用900、950和1000 W的激光功率在Q235钢板上熔覆了Fe304和Fe316L粉末。研究了不同激光功率及粉末的熔覆层微观组织、结合区域元素扩散、熔覆板硬度分布、拉伸性能和断裂特征。结果表明:选定的工艺参数下Fe304粉末熔覆质量更好;两种粉末熔覆层与基体均发生一定范围的元素扩散;Fe304熔覆层的硬度约为基体硬度的3倍,Fe316L熔覆层的硬度约为基体的2.6倍;两种熔覆板的拉伸特征与基板有较大差异;相较于基体,Fe304熔覆板抗拉强度最高提高24.5%,Fe316L熔覆板强度最高提高6.4%,相同参数下Fe304熔覆板的抗拉强度均大于Fe316L熔覆板。研究表明,熔覆板的断裂过程分为熔覆层断裂和基体断裂两个阶段,熔覆层的断裂会导致基体发生韧脆转变。

关键词: 激光熔覆, 粉末差异, 微观组织, 力学性能

Abstract: Fe304 and Fe316L powders were clad on Q235 steel plate with laser powers of 900, 950, and 1000 W, respectively, to investigate the overall mechanical properties of the clad plates and optimize process parameters and analyze cladding quality differences on the same substrate using different powders. The microstructure of the clad layers, element diffusion in the bonded zone, hardness distribution of the clad plates, tensile properties, and fracture characteristics were investigated under different laser powers and with different powders. The results show that under the selected process parameters, the Fe304 powder exhibits better cladding quality. A certain degree of element diffusion occurs between both types of powder coatings and the substrate. The hardness of the Fe304 clad layer is approximately 3 times that of the substrate, while the hardness of the Fe316L clad layer is about 2.6 times that of the substrate. The tensile characteristics of the two types of clad plates differ significantly from those of the substrate. Compared with the substrate, the tensile strength of the Fe304 clad plate increases by up to 24.5%, and that of the Fe316L clad plate increases by up to 6.4%. Under the same parameters, the tensile strength of the Fe304 clad plate is consistently higher than that of the Fe316L clad plate. The investigation indicates that the fracture process of the clad plates is divided into two stages: clad layer fracture and substrate fracture. The fracture of the clad layer leads to a transition in the fracture mode of the substrate from ductile to brittle.

Key words: laser cladding, powder difference, microstructure, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

吴成峰, 徐凯, 杜娜, 郝静, 李燕乐, 李先帅. 碳钢板激光熔覆铁基涂层的组织与整体力学性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(11): 333-340.

Wu Chengfeng, Xu Kai, Du Na, Hao Jing, Li Yanle, Li Xianshuai. Microstructure and overall mechanical properties of laser cladding iron-based coating on carbon steel plate[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(11): 333-340.

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碳钢板激光熔覆铁基涂层的组织与整体力学性能

Microstructure and overall mechanical properties of laser cladding iron-based coating on carbon steel plate

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