Al2O3粒径对激光熔覆316L不锈钢熔覆层组织与性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.12.047

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用激光熔覆技术通过添加不同粒径的Al₂O₃陶瓷颗粒,制备了316L不锈钢混合Al₂O₃的复合熔覆层,系统分析了涂层物相、微观结构、硬度以及耐磨性能。结果表明,熔覆层表面出现Al₂O₃堆积,内部出现Al₂O₃分布不均匀问题,靠近表面区域的Al₂O₃含量更高。具备不同Al₂O₃粒径的316L不锈钢复合熔覆层的物相均由γ-Fe、α-Fe和少量Al₂O₃相组成。与大粒径相比,添加小粒径Al₂O₃的熔覆层成形质量更好,硬度更高,耐磨性能更好;同时熔覆层的平均摩擦因数由0.52下降至0.44,质量损失降低65.5%。另外,Al₂O₃粒径对熔覆层磨损机制无影响,均以粘着磨损与磨粒磨损为主。因此,通过调控Al₂O₃粒径能够显著提高耐磨性。

关键词: 激光熔覆, Al₂O₃, 粒径, 硬度, 耐磨性

Abstract: 316L stainless steel composite cladding layers mixed with Al₂O₃ ceramic particles of different particle sizes were prepared using laser cladding technology. The phase composition, microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of the coatings were systematically analyzed. The results show that Al₂O₃ accumulation occurs on the surface of the cladding layer, and the internal distribution of Al₂O₃ is uneven, with a higher content of Al₂O₃ in the surface area. The phase composition of the 316L stainless steel composite cladding layers with different particle sizes of Al₂O₃ consists of γ-Fe, α-Fe and a small amount of Al₂O₃ phase. Compared with large particle size, the cladding layer with small particle size of Al₂O₃ has better forming quality, higher hardness and better wear resistance. At the same time, the average friction coefficient of the cladding layer decreases from 0.52 to 0.44, and the wear loss is reduced by 65.5%. In addition, the particle size of Al₂O₃ has no effect to the wear mechanism of the cladding layer, and both adhesive wear and abrasive wear are the main wear mechanisms. Therefore, by regulating the particle size of Al₂O₃, the wear resistance can be significantly improved.

Key words: laser cladding, Al₂O₃, particle size, hardness, wear resistance

中图分类号:

TG142.71

杜佼伟, 刘略, 武红幸, 罗建科, 吕品正, 冯玉坤. Al₂O₃粒径对激光熔覆316L不锈钢熔覆层组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(12): 310-316.

Du Jiaowei, Liu Lue, Wu Hongxing, Luo Jianke, Lü Pinzheng, Feng Yukun. Effect of particle size of Al₂O₃ on microstructure and properties of laser cladding 316L stainless steel coating[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(12): 310-316.

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Al₂O₃粒径对激光熔覆316L不锈钢熔覆层组织与性能的影响

Effect of particle size of Al₂O₃ on microstructure and properties of laser cladding 316L stainless steel coating

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