基于热-流-固耦合的WC颗粒激光弥散化定向分布模拟

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.01.047

金属热处理 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (1): 309-316.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.01.047

基于热-流-固耦合的WC颗粒激光弥散化定向分布模拟

王蕾^1,2, 周天^1,2, 张泽琳^1,2, 郭钰瑶^1,2, 夏绪辉^1,2

1.武汉科技大学冶金装备及其控制教育部重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430081;
2.武汉科技大学机械传动与制造工程湖北省重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430081

收稿日期:2025-08-11 修回日期:2025-11-19 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-01-27
通讯作者: 张泽琳,男,教授,博士生导师, E-mail: zhangzelin@wust.edu.cn
作者简介:王蕾(1987—),女,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为冶金装备低碳循环与再制造技术,E-mail:candywang@wust.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52275503,72471181);湖北省杰出青年基金(2023AFA092);武汉市自然科学基金特区计划(2024040701010054)

Simulation on directional dispersion of WC particles in laser dispersion process based on heat-fluid-structure coupling

Wang Lei^1,2, Zhou Tian^1,2, Zhang Zelin^1,2, Guo Yuyao^1,2, Xia Xuhui^1,2

1. Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and its Control, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430081, China;
2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430081, China

Received:2025-08-11 Revised:2025-11-19 Online:2026-01-25 Published:2026-01-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用数值模拟方法,分析了激光弥散化工艺中熔池稳定熔融阶段的热流场分布、WC颗粒的运动轨迹及其在强化层中的分布规律,构建了基于热-流-固耦合的多物理场模型,揭示熔池内部流动特性及其对WC颗粒运动的影响。结果表明,Marangoni对流是影响熔池流动的主导因素,流速随温度梯度和光斑半径变化。不同工艺参数显著影响WC颗粒的运动模式及最终分布,较小光斑半径或低线能量密度导致WC颗粒局部富集,而适中光斑半径和线能量密度有助于WC颗粒的均匀沉积。通过优化工艺参数,提出了浅层均匀分布法和深层均匀分布法,实现了WC颗粒在不同深度强化层的稳定均匀分布。

关键词: 激光弥散化工艺, Marangoni 对流, WC颗粒分布, 数值模拟

Abstract: Thermal-fluid field distribution, the trajectories of WC particles and their dispersion behavior within the reinforced layer during the steady-state melting stage of the laser dispersion process were investigated through numerical simulation. A multi-physics model based on thermal-fluid-solid coupling was developed to reveal the internal flow characteristics of the molten pool and its impact on WC particle motion. The results indicate that Marangoni convection is the dominant factor influencing molten pool flow, with its flow velocity varying according to the temperature gradient and laser spot size. Different processing parameters significantly affect the motion patterns and final distribution of WC particles. Smaller spot sizes or lower line energy densities result in localized particle accumulation, whereas moderate spot sizes and line energy densities contribute to the uniform deposition of reinforcement particles. By optimizing processing parameters, two distribution strategies as shallow-layer uniform distribution and deep-layer uniform distribution are proposed to achieve stable and homogeneous particle dispersion at different depths.

Key words: laser dispersion process, marangoni convection, WC particle dispersion, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

王蕾, 周天, 张泽琳, 郭钰瑶, 夏绪辉. 基于热-流-固耦合的WC颗粒激光弥散化定向分布模拟[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(1): 309-316.

Wang Lei, Zhou Tian, Zhang Zelin, Guo Yuyao, Xia Xuhui. Simulation on directional dispersion of WC particles in laser dispersion process based on heat-fluid-structure coupling[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2026, 51(1): 309-316.

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基于热-流-固耦合的WC颗粒激光弥散化定向分布模拟

Simulation on directional dispersion of WC particles in laser dispersion process based on heat-fluid-structure coupling

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