时效处理对超高氮奥氏体不锈钢中析出相与性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.07.006

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (7): 40-46.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.07.006

时效处理对超高氮奥氏体不锈钢中析出相与性能的影响

张荣华¹, 樊玉茹¹, 曾祥成², 宋文志¹, 刘倩¹, 张世哲³

1.华北理工大学教育部现代冶金技术重点实验室, 河北唐山 063210;
2.河北石油职业技术大学工业技术中心, 河北承德 067000;
3.中冶沈堪秦皇岛工程设计研究总院有限公司, 河北秦皇岛 066000

收稿日期:2025-02-24 修回日期:2025-05-28 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-07-28
作者简介:张荣华(1980—),女,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为钢的超细化与微合金化、高氮钢和高性能金属材料开发,E-mail:zrh1980@126.com
基金资助:
河北省钢铁联合基金(E2022209114)

Effect of aging treatment on precipitated phase and properties of ultra-high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel

Zhang Ronghua¹, Fan Yuru¹, Zeng Xiangcheng², Song Wenzhi¹, Liu Qian¹, Zhang Shizhe³

1. Key Laboratory of Modern Metallurgical Technology of the Ministry of Education, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan Hebei 063210, China;
2. Industrial Technology Center, Petroleum University of Technology, Chengde Hebei 067000, China;
3. MCC Qinhuangdao Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ld., Qinhuangdao Hebei 066000, China

Received:2025-02-24 Revised:2025-05-28 Online:2025-07-25 Published:2025-07-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对超高氮奥氏体不锈钢在900~1050 ℃时效处理后的析出相析出行为进行研究。利用Thermo-Calc软件计算试验钢的平衡相图和等温沉淀曲线,利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)配合能谱仪(EDS)对析出相进行表征,并对硬度和拉伸性能进行测试,分析析出相对力学性能的影响。结果表明,试验钢时效处理后的主要析出相为Cr₂N,Cr₂N相析出敏感温度为1000 ℃,析出孕育期为60~90 s。随时效温度升高,Cr₂N相数量呈先增加后减少的趋势,在时效温度为1000 ℃时达到峰值。为时效温度为1000 ℃时,随着时效时间的延长,Cr₂N相数量逐渐增加,导致试验钢的硬度和拉伸性能均呈降低趋势。硬度由未时效时的442 HV0.5下降到360 HV0.5,屈服强度和抗拉强度由未时效时的738 MPa和1176 MPa,降低到724 MPa和1100 MPa;断后伸长率由55.2%下降到6.3%。拉伸断口的断裂方式由韧性断裂演变成沿晶断裂和穿晶断裂。

关键词: 超高氮奥氏体不锈钢, 时效, 析出相, 力学性能

Abstract: The precipitated phase precipitation behavior of ultra-high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel after aging between 900-1050 ℃ was studied. The equilibrium phase diagram and isothermal precipitation curve of the tested steel were calculated by Thermo-Calc software. The precipitated phase was characterized by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS). And the hardness and tensile properties was tested, and the effect of precipitated phase on mechanical properties was analyzed. The results show that the main precipitated phase of the steel after aging is Cr₂N. The precipitation sensitive temperature of Cr₂N phase is 1000 ℃, and the precipitation incubation period is 60-90 s. With the increase of aging temperature, the number of Cr₂N phase increases first and then decreases, reaching the peak at the aging temperature of 1000 ℃. When the aging temperature is 1000 ℃, with the increase of aging time,the number of Cr₂N phase increases gradually, which leads to the decrease of hardness and tensile properties of the steel. The hardness decreases from 442 HV0.5 to 360 HV0.5, and the yield strength and tensile strength decrease from 738 MPa and 1176 MPa to 724 MPa and 1100 MPa, respectively. The elongation decreases from 55.2% to 6.3%. The fracture mode of tensile fracture evolves from ductile fracture to intergranular fracture and transgranular fracture.

Key words: ultra-high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, aging, precipitated phase, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG142.1

张荣华, 樊玉茹, 曾祥成, 宋文志, 刘倩, 张世哲. 时效处理对超高氮奥氏体不锈钢中析出相与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(7): 40-46.

Zhang Ronghua, Fan Yuru, Zeng Xiangcheng, Song Wenzhi, Liu Qian, Zhang Shizhe. Effect of aging treatment on precipitated phase and properties of ultra-high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(7): 40-46.

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时效处理对超高氮奥氏体不锈钢中析出相与性能的影响

Effect of aging treatment on precipitated phase and properties of ultra-high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel

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