固溶时间对D41A粉末不锈钢组织及性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.05.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用热等静压制备了耐磨耐蚀的粉末不锈钢D41A,通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、硬度计等测试了原始粉末颗粒及D41A粉末钢固溶不同时间下的显微组织和性能,分析了固溶时间对微观结构和性能的影响。结果表明,原始粉末内部在基体上出现层片状的富Cr碳化物和粒状富V碳化物颗粒;经1160 ℃固溶处理后,随固溶时间延长,富Cr碳化物先逐渐球化,当时间延长至4 h及以上,富Cr碳化物颗粒再次发生连结现象,最大尺寸超过10 μm;而富V碳化物的平均尺寸一直稳定在0.5~1.0 μm;D41A粉末不锈钢硬度和冲击吸收能量随固溶时间延长均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,固溶处理2 h后,硬度和冲击吸收能量均达到最高,分别为60.8 HRC和27 J,该时间下D41A钢的碳化物尺寸、硬度和冲击性能匹配达到最优。

关键词: 热等静压, 固溶工艺, 粉末不锈钢D41A, 碳化物, 硬度, 冲击吸收能量

Abstract: Wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant powder stainless steel D41A was prepared by hot isostatic pressing. The microstructure and properties of the original powder particles and the D41A powder steel after solution treatment for different time were tested by means of metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and hardness tester, etc. The effect of solution time on the microstructure and properties was analyzed. The results show that lamellar Cr-rich carbides and granular V-rich carbide particles appear on the matrix inside the original powder. After solution treatment at 1160 ℃, with the prolongation of solution time, the Cr-rich carbides gradually spheroidize first. When the time is extended to 4 h or more, the Cr-rich carbide particles are connected again, and the maximum size exceeds 10 μm. While the average size of the V-rich carbides remains stable at 0.5-1.0 μm all the time. Both the hardness and impact absorbed energy of the D41A powder stainless steel show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the prolongation of solution time. After solution treatment for 2 h, the hardness and impact absorbed energy reach the highest values, which are 60.8 HRC and 27 J, respectively, where the matching of the carbide size, hardness and impact property of the D41A steel reaches the optimum.

Key words: hot isostatic pressing, solution treatment, powder stainless steel D41A, carbide, hardness, impact absorbed energy

中图分类号:

TG161

袁志钟, 牛宗冉, 王致远, 鞠玉琳, 徐辉霞, 廖俊, 于洋, 程晓农. 固溶时间对D41A粉末不锈钢组织及性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(5): 132-139.

Yuan Zhizhong, Niu Zongran, Wang Zhiyuan, Ju Yulin, Xu Huixia, Liao Jun, Yu Yang, Cheng Xiaonong. Effect of solution time on microstructure and properties of powder stainless steel D41A[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(5): 132-139.

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