Nb、V微合金化Q355B钢的组织与性能

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.04.007

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4): 48-54.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.04.007

Nb、V微合金化Q355B钢的组织与性能

张立冰^1,2, 程陆凡¹, 陈昊^1,2, 石全强¹, 严伟¹, 罗贯虹³, 李瑞平³, 王威¹

1.中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心, 辽宁沈阳 110016;
2.中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院, 辽宁沈阳 110016;
3.福建宏贯路桥防腐科技股份有限公司, 福建福州 350001

收稿日期:2024-11-22 修回日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-06-13
通讯作者: 王威,研究员,博士,E-mail:wangw@imr.ac.cn
作者简介:张立冰(1997—),男,博士研究生,主要研究方向为低碳合金钢组织性能调控,E-mail:lbzhang23b@imr.ac.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3705200);国家自然科学基金面上基金(52271122)

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb and V microalloyed Q355B steel

Zhang Libing^1,2, Cheng Lufan¹, Chen Hao^1,2, Shi Quanqiang¹, Yan Wei¹, Luo Guanhong³, Li Ruiping³, Wang Wei¹

1. Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang Liaoning 110016, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang Liaoning 110016, China;
3. Fujian Road & Bridge Construction Group Co., Ltd., Fuzhou Fujian 350001, China

Received:2024-11-22 Revised:2025-02-20 Published:2025-06-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了Nb、V微合金化对正火态、淬火态和回火态Q355B钢微观组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明,Nb、V微合金化后,试验钢奥氏体晶界处存在未完全溶解的球状MC碳化物,这些碳化物钉扎奥氏体晶界,阻碍高温下奥氏体晶界的运动,有效地细化了900 ℃正火和900 ℃淬火态试验钢的原始奥氏体晶粒。另外,Nb、V微合金化增加了淬火态试验钢中马氏体的比例,提高了淬透性。经900 ℃淬火和450~530 ℃回火后,试验钢的强度随回火温度的升高呈现先增加后降低的趋势,而延伸率始终保持在25%以上,且回火温度为480 ℃时的强度最高。结合微观组织和力学性能分析结果确定480 ℃为最佳回火温度,该温度下Fe₃C碳化物在马氏体基体内均匀弥散分布,显著增强了析出强化效应。此外,Nb、V微合金化进一步优化了Q355B钢的组织结构,促进了棒状MC型碳化物的析出。在480 ℃回火后,Q355B钢和Nb-V-Q355B试验钢的屈服强度分别达到469 MPa和582 MPa,延伸率分别为26.5%和25.0%。由此可见,Nb、V 微合金化在确保良好塑性的同时,使屈服强度提升了113 MPa。

关键词: Q355B钢, 热处理工艺, Nb、V微合金化, MC碳化物, 力学性能

Abstract: Effect of Nb and V microalloying on microstructure and mechanical properties of Q355B steel after normalizing, quenching, and tempering were studied. The results show that Nb and V microalloying introduces undissolved spherical MC carbides at austenite grain boundaries, which inhibits boundary movement at high temperature, leading to significant grain refinement of the 900 ℃ normalized and 900 ℃ quenched steel. Additionally, Nb and V microalloying enhances the martensitic fraction of the quenched steel, thereby improving hardenability. After quenching at 900 ℃ and tempering at 450-530 ℃, the strength of the tested steel increases first and then decreases with the tempering temperature increases, while the elongation remains consistently above 25%, and the strength is the highest when the tempering temperature is 480 ℃. Combined with the microstructure and mechanical properties analysis results, 480 ℃ is determined as the optimal tempering temperature. At this temperature, Fe₃C carbides are uniformly dispersed within the martensitic matrix, significantly enhancing the precipitation strengthening effect. Furthermore, Nb and V microalloying further optimizes the microstructure of the Q355B steel, promoting the precipitation of rod-like MC-type carbides. After tempering at 480 ℃, the yield strengths of the Q355B steel and the Nb-V-Q355B tested steel reach 469 MPa and 582 MPa, respectively, with elongations of 26.5% and 25.0%. These results indicate that Nb and V microalloying, while ensuring good ductility, leads to a 113 MPa increase in yield strength.

Key words: Q355B steel, heat treatment, Nb, V microalloying, MC carbide, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG113

张立冰, 程陆凡, 陈昊, 石全强, 严伟, 罗贯虹, 李瑞平, 王威. Nb、V微合金化Q355B钢的组织与性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(4): 48-54.

Zhang Libing, Cheng Lufan, Chen Hao, Shi Quanqiang, Yan Wei, Luo Guanhong, Li Ruiping, Wang Wei. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb and V microalloyed Q355B steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(4): 48-54.

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Nb、V微合金化Q355B钢的组织与性能

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb and V microalloyed Q355B steel

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