金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5): 140-145.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.05.022

• 工艺研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

超级马氏体不锈钢04Cr13Ni5Mo转轮锻件的热处理及其组织

孙统辉1,2,3, 陈慧琴1, 石如星2,3, 师洪强2,3   

  1. 1.太原科技大学 材料科学与工程学院, 山西 太原 030024;
    2.洛阳中重铸锻有限责任公司, 河南 洛阳 471039;
    3.中信重工机械股份有限公司, 河南 洛阳 471039
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-25 修回日期:2025-03-17 发布日期:2025-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 陈慧琴,教授,博士,E-mail:chenhuiqin@tyust.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:孙统辉(1982—),男,高级工程师,博士研究生,主要研究方向为大型铸锻件材料及工艺,E-mail:sunth2009@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省重大科技专项(221100230200)

Heat treatment and microstructure of super martensitic stainlesssteel 04Cr13Ni5Mo runner wheel forgings

Sun Tonghui1,2,3, Chen Huiqin1, Shi Ruxing2,3, Shi Hongqiang2,3   

  1. 1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan Shanxi 030024, China;
    2. Luoyang CITIC Heavy Industries Casting and Forging, Luoyang Henan 471039, China;
    3. CITIC Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., Luoyang Henan 471039, China
  • Received:2024-11-25 Revised:2025-03-17 Published:2025-06-25

摘要: 采用04Cr13Ni5Mo钢转轮锻件实际生产冲脱料,分别在表面和中心取样,对其进行不同工艺(一次正火(960 ℃)+一次回火(590 ℃)、二次正火(990 ℃+960 ℃)+一次回火(590 ℃)、二次正火(990 ℃+960 ℃)+二次回火(550 ℃+590 ℃))的热处理,并对热处理前后的夹杂物、晶粒度进行对比分析,确定最佳热处理工艺,最后进行实际生产验证。结果表明,04Cr13Ni5Mo钢锻件经3种工艺热处理后,较热处理前组织晶粒度和夹杂物并未有明显变化,晶粒度仍为4.0~4.5级。增加热处理回火次数可使04Cr13Ni5Mo钢锻件马氏体板条束宽度明显细化,组织变得更为均匀。实际生产中,04Cr13Ni5Mo钢锻件产品经二次正火(990 ℃+960 ℃)+二次回火(550 ℃+590 ℃)热处理后,晶粒度为3.5级,0 ℃冲击吸收能量KV2=235.1 J,是标准下限值(120 J)的195.9%,远超设计要求。夹杂物为D类,级别为1.0级,符合GB/T 10561—2023标准要求;拉伸性能基本符合技术要求。

关键词: 马氏体不锈钢04Cr13Ni5Mo, 转轮, 热处理, 夹杂物, 晶粒度, 性能

Abstract: Using the actual production of punching and stripping materials from 04Cr13Ni5Mo steel runner wheel forgings, and specimens were taken from the surface and the center, respectively. Heat treatments under different processes (960 ℃ primary normalizing+590 ℃ primary tempering, (990 ℃+960 ℃) double normalizing+590 ℃ primary tempering, and (990 ℃+960 ℃) double normalizing+(550 ℃+590 ℃) double tempering) were carried out. And inclusions and grain sizes before and after heat treatment were compared and analyzed to determine the optimal heat treatment process. Finally, actual production verification was carried out. The results show that after three different heat treatments, there are no obvious changes in the grain size and inclusion of the 04Cr13Ni5Mo steel forgings compared with those before heat treatment. The grain size remains at grade 4.0 to 4.5. Increasing the number of tempering times during heat treatment can significantly refine the width of the martensite lath bundles in the 04Cr13Ni5Mo steel forgings, and make the microstructure more uniform. In actual production, after heat-treated by double normalizing (990 ℃+960 ℃) and double tempering (550 ℃+590 ℃), the grain size of the 04Cr13Ni5Mo steel forging products is grade 3.5, the KV2 at 0 ℃ is 235.1 J, which is 195.9% of the standard lower limit value (120 J), far exceeding the design requirements, the inclusion is class D, with a grade of 1.0, and meets the requirements of GB/T 10561—2023 standard, and the tensile properties basically meet the technical requirements.

Key words: martensitic stainless steel 04Cr13Ni5Mo, runner wheel, heat treatment, inclusion, grain size, properties

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