退火温度对新型铁素体不锈钢组织与性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.02.036

金属热处理 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 245-250.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.02.036

退火温度对新型铁素体不锈钢组织与性能的影响

王长波¹, 李欢欢^2,3, 保先恒^2,3, 王建泽¹, 惠洋⁴, 马金元^2,3

1.酒泉钢铁集团有限责任公司, 甘肃嘉峪关 735100;
2.兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 甘肃兰州 730050;
3.兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730050;
4.嘉峪关科学技术局, 甘肃嘉峪关 735100

收稿日期:2025-09-21 修回日期:2025-12-17 发布日期:2026-03-05
作者简介:王长波(1986—),男,工程师,学士,主要从事不锈钢新品研发工作,E-mail:Wangchangbo@jiugang.com
基金资助:
嘉峪关市科技计划(23-15)

Effect of annealing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of novel ferritic stainless steel

Wang Changbo¹, Li Huanhuan^2,3, Bao Xianheng^2,3, Wang Jianze¹, Hui Yang⁴, Ma Jinyuan^2,3

1. Jiuquan Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd., Jiayuguan Gansu 735100, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou Gansu 730050, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-Ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou Gansu 730050, China;
4. Jiayuguan Scientific and Technological Bureau, Jiayuguan Gansu 735100, China

Received:2025-09-21 Revised:2025-12-17 Published:2026-03-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过真空感应熔炼制备了添加Mn和V元素的SUS410L-N新型铁素体不锈钢,系统探究了退火温度(720、820、890 ℃)对其相变特性、微观组织及拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,退火处理可显著降低残余应力和位错密度,晶粒尺寸随退火温度升高呈现先增后减的趋势,820 ℃退火时增至3.90 μm,而890 ℃退火时因γ→α相变诱导再结晶使晶粒细化至3.12 μm。820 ℃退火后形成约200 nm椭球形析出物,890 ℃退火时析出物尺寸减小至20~50 nm。随退火温度升高,强度由热轧态先降低随后升高,断裂总延伸率逐渐升高。890 ℃退火试样综合力学性能优异,这归因于高密度大角度晶界(HAGBs)、细晶组织以及纳米级析出物的协同作用,实现了强度与塑性的最佳匹配。

关键词: 铁素体不锈钢, 退火温度, 显微组织, 拉伸性能

Abstract: A novel Mn- and V-alloyed SUS410L-N ferritic stainless steel was prepared by vacuum induction melting, and effect of annealing temperature (720, 820, and 890 ℃) on phase transformation behavior, microstructure and tensile properties was systematically investigated. The results reveal that annealing treatment markedly reduces the residual stress and dislocation density. The grain size exhibits a non-monotonic evolution with increasing annealing temperature, increasing to 3.90 μm after annealing at 820 ℃, but decreasing to 3.12 μm after annealing at 890 ℃ due to γ→α transformation-induced recrystallization occurring during subsequent cooling. After annealing at 820 ℃, ellipsoidal precipitates with a size of about 200 nm are formed, whereas the size decreases to 20-50 nm at 890 ℃. With the increase of annealing temperature, the strength first decreases and then increases relative to the hot-rolled condition, while the total elongation at fracture increases continuously. The specimen annealed at 890 ℃ exhibits the best comprehensive mechanical properties, which is attributed to the synergistic effects of a high density of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs), a refined-grain microstructure, and nanoscale precipitates, thereby achieving an optimal strength-ductility balance.

Key words: ferritic stainless steel, annealing temperature, microstructure, tensile properties

中图分类号:

TG156

王长波, 李欢欢, 保先恒, 王建泽, 惠洋, 马金元. 退火温度对新型铁素体不锈钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 245-250.

Wang Changbo, Li Huanhuan, Bao Xianheng, Wang Jianze, Hui Yang, Ma Jinyuan. Effect of annealing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of novel ferritic stainless steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2026, 51(2): 245-250.

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退火温度对新型铁素体不锈钢组织与性能的影响

Effect of annealing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of novel ferritic stainless steel

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