弹簧钢55SiCr线材的脱碳行为及工艺优化

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.02.026

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对弹簧钢55SiCr线材成品脱碳层深度超标问题,通过试验分析了弹簧钢55SiCr在生产过程中各阶段的脱碳情况,明确了影响线材脱碳层深度的关键工艺;并探究了加热温度和保温时间对脱碳层深度的影响,对现场生产工艺提出了优化方案。结果表明,在生产过程中,弹簧钢55SiCr线材的脱碳主要集中在钢坯加热、粗轧以及预精轧和轧后冷却过程,其中加热和粗轧过程对成品总脱碳层的贡献率为73.4%,预精轧和轧后冷却过程对成品总脱碳层的贡献率为20.6%。脱碳行为研究表明,当保温时间为60 min 时,当加热温度高于1000 ℃时,弹簧钢的总脱碳层深度随着加热温度的增加而明显增加;当加热温度为800 ℃时,弹簧钢的完全脱碳层深度最高,加热温度在750~900 ℃范围内,完全脱碳层深度均比较严重。当加热温度为800 ℃时,保温时间从30 min上升到60 min 时,完全脱碳层和总脱碳层深度随着保温时间的延长均明显增加。基于此,针对加热炉工艺和轧后冷却工艺提出了优化方案,成品线材的总脱碳层深度由工艺优化前的96 μm降低至62 μm。

关键词: 弹簧钢55SiCr, 脱碳行为, 加热温度, 保温时间, 工艺优化

Abstract: For the problem of the decarburization layer depth of spring steel 55SiCr wire rod finished product exceeding the standard, an analysis was conducted regarding the decarburization of the spring steel 55SiCr during the production process. The key process impacting the wire rod decarburization layer depth was identified, and the effects of heating temperature and holding time on the depth of decarburization layer were explored. Based on these findings, an optimization scheme for the field production process was proposed. The results indicate that during the production process, the decarburization of the spring steel 55SiCr wire rod is primarily concentrated in the billet heating, rough rolling, and pre-finishing and post-rolling cooling processes. The contribution of the heating and rough rolling processes to the total decarburization layer of the finished product is found to be 73.4%, while that of the pre-finishing and post-rolling cooling processes is 20.6%. The decarburization behavior investigation reveals that when the holding time is 60 min, the total decarburization layer depth of the spring steel significantly increases with the increase of heating temperature when it exceeds 1000 ℃. It is observed that at a heating temperature of 800 ℃, the spring steel exhibits the highest depth of the complete decarburization layer. Within the temperature range of approximately 750 ℃ to 900 ℃, the depth of the complete decarburization layer is more severe. Furthermore, when the heating temperature is 800 ℃ and the holding time is extended from 30 min to 60 min, the depth of the complete decarburization layer and the total decarburization layer significantly increase with the extension of holding time. Based on these observations, an optimization scheme is proposed for the heating furnace process and post-rolling cooling process, resulting in a reduction of total decarburization layer depth of the finished wire rod from 96 μm (before process optimization) to 62 μm.

Key words: spring steel 55SiCr, decarburization behavior, heating temperature, holding time, process optimization

中图分类号:

TG142.1

张晓辉, 刘希望, 胡正伟, 霍彦朋, 戴观文, 蒋波, 宋仁伯. 弹簧钢55SiCr线材的脱碳行为及工艺优化[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(2): 176-182.

Zhang Xiaohui, Liu Xiwang, Hu Zhengwei, Huo Yanpeng, Dai Guanwen, Jiang Bo, Song Renbo. Decarburization behavior and process optimization of 55SiCr spring steel wire rod[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2026, 51(2): 176-182.

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