254SMO不锈钢中σ相析出行为及其对耐蚀性的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.11.022

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (11): 154-160.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.11.022

254SMO不锈钢中σ相析出行为及其对耐蚀性的影响

高伟¹, 王大辉^1,2, 徐晶¹, 郑阳¹

1.兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 甘肃兰州 730050;
2.兰州理工大学省部级有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730050

收稿日期:2025-06-12 修回日期:2025-10-04 发布日期:2025-12-16
通讯作者: 王大辉,教授,博士,E-mail:wangdh@lut.edu.cn
作者简介:高伟(2000—),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为不锈钢热处理工艺与腐蚀机理,E-mail:gw_144@163.com。

Precipitation behavior of σ phase in 254SMO stainless steel and its effect on corrosion resistance

Gao Wei¹, Wang Dahui^1,2, Xu Jing¹, Zheng Yang¹

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou Gansu 730050, China;
2. State Key Laboratory for Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-Ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou Gansu 730050, China

Received:2025-06-12 Revised:2025-10-04 Published:2025-12-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过JMatPro热力学计算、扫描电镜观察、阳极动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱测试研究了254SMO不锈钢中σ相的析出温度、含量及其对耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,在1200~450 ℃温度区间内,在254SMO不锈钢中会产生大量σ相,其形态主要包括颗粒状、片状和条状。其中,颗粒状和片状的σ相主要弥散分布在晶内,而条状σ相则沿晶界分布,并依次连接呈链状或网状。σ相内Mo含量显著高于基体,导致σ相与基体形成Mo元素浓度差,因此在侵蚀性离子作用下,σ相作为阳极会优先诱发点蚀,造成钢的点蚀电位迅速下降,钝化膜的致密性和完整性显著降低,从而使钢的耐蚀性大幅下降。

关键词: 254SMO不锈钢, σ相, 贫Mo区, 电化学腐蚀

Abstract: The precipitation temperature, amount, and associated corrosion behavior of σ phase in the 254SMO stainless steel were investigated by using thermodynamic calculations with JMatPro software, scanning electron microscopy observation, tests of anodic potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that within the temperature range of 1200-450 ℃, a large amount of σ phases are generated in the 254SMO stainless steel, mainly in the form of particles, flakes, and strips. Among them, the granular and flaky σ phases are mainly dispersed within the grain, while the strip-shaped σ phase is distributed along the grain boundaries and sequentially connected to form chain-like or network-like precipitates. The σ phase possesses a substantially higher Mo content than the surrounding matrix, generating a pronounced Mo concentration gradient between the two regions. Under corrosive environments, the σ phase acts as an anode, preferentially initiating pitting corrosion. Consequently, the pitting potential decreases sharply, while the compactness and integrity of the passive film deteriorate significantly, leading to a marked decline in overall corrosion resistance of the steel.

Key words: 254SMO stainless steel, σ phase, Mo-depleted zone, electrochemical corrosion

中图分类号:

TG161

高伟, 王大辉, 徐晶, 郑阳. 254SMO不锈钢中σ相析出行为及其对耐蚀性的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(11): 154-160.

Gao Wei, Wang Dahui, Xu Jing, Zheng Yang. Precipitation behavior of σ phase in 254SMO stainless steel and its effect on corrosion resistance[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(11): 154-160.

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254SMO不锈钢中σ相析出行为及其对耐蚀性的影响

Precipitation behavior of σ phase in 254SMO stainless steel and its effect on corrosion resistance

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