预退火温度对中锰钢组织演变与力学性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.10.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对4Mn钢进行临界区预退火(720、740和760 ℃)和完全奥氏体化预退火(800 ℃),再进行680 ℃逆相变退火处理。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射和拉伸试验研究了试验钢的微观组织演变与力学性能。结果表明,4Mn钢经预退火和逆向变退火两步处理后的组织为铁素体、马氏体和残留奥氏体。预退火温度为720 ℃时,逆相变退火后的组织主要呈块状。随着预退火温度的升高,组织中出现板条状组织且比例逐渐增加,残留奥氏体含量先上升再下降。随着预退火处理温度的升高,试验钢的屈服强度呈上升趋势,抗拉强度逐渐降低,伸长率和强塑积先上升再下降。760 ℃预退火+680 ℃逆相变退火后试验钢的残留奥氏体含量最高,且板条组织占比较大,应变过程中TRIP效应持久,具有最佳的综合力学性能,抗拉强度为1113.32 MPa,伸长率为23.59%,强塑积为26.26 GPa·%。

关键词: 中锰钢, 逆相变退火, 残留奥氏体, TRIP效应

Abstract: Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of 4Mn steel subjected to intercritical zone pre-annealing (720, 740 and 760 ℃) and complete austenitization pre-annealing (800 ℃), followed by reverse phase transformation annealing at 680 ℃ were studied by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction and tensile test. The results indicate that after the two-step treatment of pre-annealing + reverse phase transformation annealing, the microstructure of the steel consists of ferrite, martensite, and retained austenite. When the pre-annealing temperature is 720 ℃, the microstructure after reverse phase transformation annealing is mainly blocky. As the pre-annealing temperature increases, lath-like microstructure appears and its proportion gradually increases, while the content of retained austenite increases first and then decreases. With the increase of pre-annealing temperature, the yield strength of the steel increases, the tensile strength gradually decreases, and the elongation and product of strength and elongation increase first and then decrease. The steel after pre-annealing at 760 ℃ and reverse phase transformation annealing at 680 ℃ has the highest content of retained austenite and a larger proportion of lath-like microstructure, resulting in a lasting TRIP effect during straining and exhibiting the best comprehensive mechanical properties with the tensile strength of 1113.32 MPa, the elongation of 23.59% and the product of strength and elongation of 26.26 GPa·%.

Key words: medium manganese steel, reverse phase transformation annealing, retained austenite, TRIP effect

中图分类号:

TG142.1

马少康, 万德成, 张千禧, 李杰, 孙倩, 王继超. 预退火温度对中锰钢组织演变与力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(10): 146-152.

Ma Shaokang, Wan Decheng, Zhang Qianxi, Li Jie, Sun Qian, Wang Jichao. Effect of pre-annealing temperature on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of medium manganese steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(10): 146-152.

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