金属热处理 ›› 2021, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 223-228.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2021.03.043

• 测试与分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

30CrMnSiA钢沉头螺栓断裂失效分析

于海华1, 严海燕1, 张敬彤1, 王宇魁1, 黄智勇1, 邬建新1, 魏振伟2   

  1. 1.航空工业陕西飞机工业集团有限公司, 陕西 汉中 723200;
    2.中国航发北京航空材料研究院, 北京 100095
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-27 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-05-08
  • 通讯作者: 王宇魁,研究员级高级工程师,E-mail:kuiwy@126.com
  • 作者简介:于海华(1986—),男,工程师,主要研究方向为金相热处理和失效分析,E-mail:yihaihua1986@126.com。

Failure analysis of 30CrMnSiA steel countersunk bolt

Yu Haihua1, Yan Haiyan1, Zhang Jingtong1, Wang Yukui1, Huang Zhiyong1, Wu Jianxin1, Wei Zhenwei2   

  1. 1. Avic Shaanxi Aircraft IndustryGroup Corporation Ltd., Hanzhong Shaanxi 723200, China;
    2. AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China
  • Received:2020-10-27 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-05-08

摘要: 某飞机用30CrMnSiA钢沉头螺栓在拆卸过程中发生断裂,同炉批未曾使用的螺栓经磁粉检测也存在裂纹。为查找失效分析原因,通过对断裂件和同炉批开裂的螺栓外观检查、断口宏微观分析、能谱分析、硬度检测、金相分析等方法对断裂和开裂的螺栓进行了分析。结果表明:断裂螺栓和开裂螺栓断裂类型为氢脆,螺栓氢脆断裂主要与抗拉强度和热处理工艺有关,通过改善热处理工艺参数,适当降低螺栓的强度,增加酸洗后的除氢时间降低氢含量,从而避免氢脆发生的可能性。

关键词: 30CrMnSiA钢, 沉头螺栓, 氢脆, 断裂, 失效分析

Abstract: A 30CrMnSiA steel countersunk bolt used in an aircraft breaks during disassembly, and cracks were also found in the same batch of unused bolts detected by magnetic powder. In order to find out the cause of failure analysis, the broken and cracked bolts were analyzed by means of appearance inspection, macro-microscopic analysis of fracture surface, energy spectrum analysis, hardness test and metallographic analysis. The results show that the fracture type of broken and cracked bolts is hydrogen embrittlement. The hydrogen embrittlement fracture of bolt is mainly related to tensile strength and heat treatment process. By improving the heat treatment process parameters, the strength of bolt is appropriately reduced and the hydrogen content is reduced by increasing the hydrogen removal time after pickling. Thus the possibility of hydrogen embrittlement is avoided.

Key words: 30CrMnSiA steel, countersunk bolt, hydrogen embrittlement, fracture, failure analysis

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