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  Effect of subcritical heat treatment on microstructure and properties of high chromium cast irons Yuan Zhizhong, Liu Haiming, Ju Yulin, Chen Lu, Niu Zongran, Wang Zhiyuan, Cao Fuyang, Cheng Xiaonong Heat Treatment of Metals    2024, 49 (10): 1-7.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.10.001 Abstract （244）      PDF （4765KB）（173）       Knowledge map    Aiming at the problem of high energy consumption in conventional quenching and tempering process of high chromium cast irons, the subcritical heat treatment tests of three kinds of high chromium cast irons were carried out. Moreover, the effect of the process on the microstructure, hardness and surface wear resistance was studied. The results show that the microstructure of high chromium cast irons is primarily composed of retained austenite, M7C3 carbide, (Fe, Cr)23C6 carbide, Mo2C carbide and pearlite when subjected to holding temperatures ranging from 500 ℃ to 650 ℃ for 1 h to 14 h. A peak value in hardness is observed for the three high chromium cast irons when holding at 550 ℃ to 600 ℃ for 6 h to 12 h, with the highest peak hardness being 57.4 HRC. The hardness is most significantly influenced by the Mo element. During the insulation process, the pearlite phase transformation of austenite is promoted by the precipitation of secondary carbides in high chromium cast irons. The effects of pearlite transformation strengthening and precipitation strengthening of secondary carbides gradually decrease with prolonged holding time. The eutectic high chromium cast iron with the highest carbon content exhibits the best wear resistance when holding at 600 ℃ for 8 h. It can be seen that the first step to improve the wear resistance of high chromium cast irons is to increase the amount of eutectic carbides, and then to add elements such as Mo to enhance the precipitation strengthening effect. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Effect of cryogenic treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of H13 steel Di Yingnan, Ma Dangshen, Zhou Jian, Chi Hongxiao, Gu Jinbo Heat Treatment of Metals    2024, 49 (10): 38-42.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.10.006 Abstract （240）      PDF （3226KB）（67）       Knowledge map    Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the H13 steel during cryogenic treatment for different time (0-4 h) were studied. The phases and microstructure were analyzed by XRD and SEM, and the mechanical properties were characterized by hardness, impact and tensile tests. The experimental results show that the cryogenic treatment can refine martensite laths, promote the transformation of retained austenite to martensite and the precipitation of banded carbide. The increase of C content in martensite results in increasing in lattice constant and in lattice distortion effect, and a shift to the left in the XRD diffraction peak. With the prolongation of cryogenic treatment time, the strength and hardness of the steel show an upward trend, while the toughness and plasticity gradually decrease. Under the condition of maintaining the same hardness, the plasticity of the H13 steel after cryogenic treatment is comparable to that of the normal heat treatment, and its strength and toughness are improved. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Heat treatment for toughening technology of cold working die steel SKD11 Yuan Zhizhong, Wang Mengfei, Zhang Bocheng, Duan Xubin, Li Biaomin, Yang Haifeng, Luo Rui, Cheng Xiaonong Heat Treatment of Metals    2023, 48 (9): 1-7.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2023.09.001 Abstract （235）      PDF （5140KB）（289）       Knowledge map    SKD11 steel plate after hot rolling and spheroidizing annealing was used. Two kinds of complex phase heat treatment processes, A-Q-A (Austempering-Quenching-Austempering) and Q-T-A (Quenching-Tempering-Austempering), as well asconventional Q-T(Quenching-Tempering) heat treatment process were carried out.The effect of heat treatment process on the microstructure, hardness and impact absorbed energy was studied. The results show that the microstructure of the specimens after A-Q-A and Q-T-A is the combination of lower bainite (LB) and martensite (M). The content of retained austenite is 13.2% and 18.6% for A-Q-A and Q-T-A, respectively. After A-Q-A, Q-T-A and conventional heat treatment Q-T, the hardness of the specimens is 58.5, 58.6 and 60.5 HRC and the impact absorbed energy is 31.3, 27.6 and 15 J, respectively. The excellent combination of strength and toughness of the SKD11 steel plate is realized by the duplex-phase heat treatments, which does a beneficial exploration in improving the toughness of the cold working die steel. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Tempering brittleness of 2Cr13 stainless steel Zhu Hongwei, Wang Ping, Hu Wanting, Chen Xin, Huang Yanjun, Yu Ruixing, Zhuang Yuanhong, Chen Yongshuan Heat Treatment of Metals    2022, 47 (12): 234-236.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2022.12.039 Abstract （233）      PDF （642KB）（46）       Knowledge map    Changes of hardness, impact property and fracture morphology evolution of the 2Cr13 stainless steel after tempering near the tempering brittle temperature interval were studied. The results show that hardness of the 2Cr13 stainless steel after tempering at 490-550 ℃ is 40-50 HRC, the corresponding impact property shows a downward trend; After tempering at 570-620 ℃, the hardness of the 2Cr13 stainless steel is 30-38 HRC, the impact property gradually increases. Through the observation of the impact fracture morphology, after tempering at 490-560 ℃, the fracture mode first changes from cleavage fracture to intergranular fracture. With the increase of the tempering temperature, it eventually changes to a fracture mode along the grain+cleavage. Microscopically, the size of the fracture surface along the grain gradually decreases, and the number of cleavage gradually increases, which is manifested by the improvement of the impact performance on the macroscopic level. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Effect of nickel on thermal fatigue properties of novel hot working die steel Cheng Xi, Gu Pengcheng, Zeng Yan, Wu Xiaochun Heat Treatment of Metals    2023, 48 (11): 55-61.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2023.11.009 Abstract （232）      PDF （4151KB）（46）       Knowledge map    Thermal fatigue test of SDDVA steel and a novel hot work die steel SDYZ1 was carried out by Uddeholm self-constrained thermal fatigue test method. The surface morphology, cross-section crack, microstructure and hardness of the materials after thermal fatigue were compared and analyzed. The effect of nickel element on the cold and thermal fatigue properties of the material was discussed. The results show that compared with the SDDVA steel, the number of cracks in the SDYZ1 steel is obviously less, the depth is shallower, and the degree of high temperature surface softening is smaller. This is mainly due to the fact that Ni element accumulates near grain boundaries and carbides, which has a pinning effect on carbide growth, and the SDYZ1 steel has higher high temperature strength, which can resist crack propagation. The SDYZ1 steel precipitates carbides with smaller size during thermal fatigue, and the accumulation of carbides at grain boundaries can effectively hinder grain growth, thereby improving the fatigue resistance of the material. Through transmission observation and analysis, the main forms of coarse carbide particles after thermal fatigue of the SDYZ1 steel are irregular spherical and slender rods, and the main types are M23C6 and M6C, and the size of carbides in the SDYZ1 steel is smaller than that in the SDDVA steel. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Effect of vacuum low pressure carburizing on microstructure and properties of austenitic stainless steels 304 and 316L Cheng Ru, Tian Yong, Song Chaowei, Wang Haojie Heat Treatment of Metals    2022, 47 (9): 1-5.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2022.09.001 Abstract （230）      PDF （660KB）（192）       Knowledge map    Surface strengthening of 304 and 316L austenitic stainless steels was processed by using vacuum low pressure carburizing process. The microstructure, phase composition and microhardness distribution of the carburized layers were analyzed by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, Thermo-Calc software, X-ray diffractometer and microhardness tester. The offsets of different diffraction peaks in the carburized layers and the changes in lattice parameters before and after carburizing of the tested steels were calculated. Combined with the effects of molybdenum on carburizing process of the austenitic stainless steels, the differences in the carburized layer thickness, surface hardness and mechanism of carbides precipitation after carburizing of 304 and 316L austenitic stainless steels were compared and studied. The results show that the carburized layers produced by 750 ℃ carburizing for 2.6 h are composed of expanded austenite and Cr23C6 phases, the austenite lattice constant has increased by 1.33% and 1.14% respectively for 304 and 316L stainless steels, and Cr23C6 is mainly precipitated in strip shape on the expanded austenite grain boundaries. The surface hardness of the 304 and 316L stainless steels after carburizing at 750 ℃ for 2.6 h is over 2 times higher than that of substrate. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Measurement of CCT curves and carbide intergranular precipitation temperature of 4Cr5Mo2V hot-working die steel Gao Xingcheng, Wu Boya, Wu Xiaochun Heat Treatment of Metals    2024, 49 (9): 72-79.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.09.012 Abstract （221）      PDF （5564KB）（36）       Knowledge map    Microstructure and hardness of 4Cr5Mo2V steel at different cooling rates were observed and measured by using thermal expansion meter, resistance meter and hardness tester, combined with scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy. CCT curves of the tested steel were plotted, and the temperature of carbide intergranular precipitation in the steel was determined. The results show that as the cooling rate decreases, the hardness decreases and the microstructure transforms into martensite, bainite and pearlite in sequence. The critical cooling rates for pearlite and bainite transformation are 0.015 ℃/s and 0.25 ℃/s, respectively. When the cooling rate is not greater than 0.25 ℃/s, carbides precipitate along the grain in the steel, and as the cooling rate decreases, the temperature of carbide precipitation along the grain increases. At a cooling rate of 0.01 ℃/s, the highest precipitation temperature is 1022 ℃. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Element segregation and homogenization heat treatment of DIEVAR hot working die steel Du Simin, Cheng Wenxiong, Hu Fengrong, Ren Jinqiao, Cui Xiaokang, Zhou Zhiming Heat Treatment of Metals    2024, 49 (7): 139-145.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.07.021 Abstract （198）      PDF （6795KB）（29）       Knowledge map    As-cast microstructure, precipitated phases and element segregation characteristics of DIEVAR hot working die steel electroslag ingot were analyzed by the means of optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM/EDS), electron probe (EPMA), Thermo-Calc thermodynamic calculation. Then the effect of homogenization heat treatment on the microstructure and carbide and element distribution was studied. The results show that the as-cast dendrite structure of the tested steel is well developed, and the secondary dendrites are obvious. The Cr and Mo and V elements are inter-dendritically enriched, and the segregation order is Mo>V>Cr. The interdendritic precipitated phases are M23C6, M6C and MC carbides. With the increase of homogenization temperature and the extension of holding time, the dendrite microstructure gradually becomes fuzzy and even disappears, and the carbide redissolution forms a certain element diffusion zone and gradually diffuses until it is fully redissolved into the matrix, the element diffusion rate is Cr>Mo>V during the homogenization heat treatment. According to dendrite morphology, carbide redissolution, element diffusion and residual segregation index of Mo element after homogenization heat treatment, and considering the actual industrial production cost, the optimal homogenization heat treatment process of the DIEVAR steel is 1280 ℃×8 h. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Effect of long-term aging on microstructure and properties of nickel-based superalloy Cai Chenyang, Cao Tieshan, Wang Wei, Chi Qingxin, Cheng Congqian, Zhao Jie Heat Treatment of Metals    2024, 49 (1): 9-15.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.01.002 Abstract （198）      PDF （3643KB）（86）       Knowledge map    Microstructure of nickel-based superalloy with different aging time was observed to explore the evolution law of microstructure and properties in the process of high temperature aging. By using OM and SEM to observe and analyze the microstructure of the alloy before and after aging, a method for quantitative analysis of microstructure evolution was proposed, and the hardness of the alloy before and after aging was tested and analyzed. The results show that after aging at 900 ℃ for 20 h without loading, the γ′ phase is cuboidal and the size does not change obviously. When aging for 100 h, the γ′ phase changes from cube to circle. After aging for 500 h, the shape of γ′ phase becomes more irregular. Some γ′ phases are connected with neighboring γ′, showing a long strip shape, but some of them remain cubic shape. When aging for 2000 h, γ′ phase is coarsened obviously and cubed degree is decreased obviously. With the aging time, the size of γ′ phase grows gradually, and the hardness of the alloy shows a decreasing trend. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Effect of solution temperature on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of super duplex stainless steel 2507 Gu Guochao, Li Ruifen, Xin Zhenmin, Xiang Lixin, Xu Wenhua, Lü Yupeng Heat Treatment of Metals    2022, 47 (6): 1-6.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2022.06.001 Abstract （197）      PDF （3745KB）（346）       Knowledge map    Effect of solution temperature on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 2507 super duplex stainless steel was investigated by using optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy, XRD, tensile test and electrochemical analysis. The thermodynamic equilibrium phase diagram of the 2507 duplex stainless steel was calculated by Thermo-Calc thermodynamic software and compared with the test results. The results show that σ phase can be eliminated by solution treatment at temperatures higher than 1050 ℃. With the increase of solution temperature, the content of ferrite phase increases, the content of austenite phase decreases, and the volume fraction ratio of α/γ increases. The duplex stainless steel has better comprehensive mechanical properties after solution treatment at 1050-1100 ℃ for 30 min and water cooling, of which the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation are more than 600 MPa, 840 MPa and 35%, respectively. The duplex stainless steel can obtain better corrosion resistance after solution treatment at 1050 ℃ for 30 min. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Intensive quenching and tempering of 40Cr steel Yang Denggui, Zhu Xiaoshuo, Fu Yudong, Alinuer·Maimaiti Heat Treatment of Metals    2023, 48 (2): 117-123.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2023.02.018 Abstract （195）      PDF （572KB）（62）       Knowledge map    CaCl2 aqueous solution was used as quenching medium to carry out intensive quenching process for the 40Cr steel, followed by high temperature tempering. The microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture morphologies were characterized by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, hardness tester, impact and tensile tester, and compared with that of the oil quenching and tempering process. The results show that the fine and uniform tempered martensite can be obtained by intensive quenching with CaCl2 quenching medium and high temperature tempering compared with oil quenching and tempering process. After intensive quenching and tempering, compared with conventional quenching and tempering process, the hardness is increased by 8%-18%, the strength is increased by 3%-5%, and the impact property is increased by 16%-30%, which can meet the requirements of higher service performance. The optimal quenching and tempering process for the 40Cr steel is austenitizing at 850 ℃ for 20 min, followed by intensive quenching with CaCl2 quenching medium, and then tempering at 580 ℃ for 120 min plus air cooling. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Effect of solution treatment on microstructure of carbide in K447A superalloy Wu Wenjin, Li Xianghui, Li Xuechen, Chen Jingyang, Tang Xin Heat Treatment of Metals    2022, 47 (6): 89-92.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2022.06.016 Abstract （193）      PDF （2512KB）（32）       Knowledge map    Microstructure and precipitation behavior of carbides in K447A alloy under different solution treatments were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results show that primary carbides in the as-cast K447A alloy are of the MC type, in the form of blocks, skeletons and Chinese characters, and are distributed between dendrites and grain boundaries. After heat treatment, primary MC carbides are broken, and a layer of γ' phase coating layer is formed on the surface. During heat treatment, the composition of the primary MC carbides changes, and the primary carbides such as TaC, TiC, and WC are decomposed, and HfC is least affected. After heat treatment, a large number of fine and dispersed granular secondary MC carbides dominated by HfC precipitate in the interdendritic and residual eutectic regions near the primary MC carbides. When solution-treated at 1185 ℃ for 2 h and aged at 870 ℃ for 20 h, the amount of secondary MC precipitation is the largest. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Effect of solution treatment and aging on microstructure and hardness of TC11 titanium alloy Zhu Ningyuan, Chen Shihao, Liao Qiang, Chen Qiuming, Lai Wenkun, Zuo Shoubin Heat Treatment of Metals    2022, 47 (12): 62-66.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2022.12.010 Abstract （192）      PDF （582KB）（48）       Knowledge map    Effects of solution temperature and solution time on microstructure and microhardness of TC11 titanium alloy bar under the same aging treatment processes were studied. The results show that when the TC11 titanium alloy is solution treated below the phase transition point, the content of equiaxed primary α phase increases with the increase of solution temperature. When the solution temperature approaches the phase transition point, the content of equiaxed primary α phase decreases rapidly. When the solution temperature is 950 ℃, with the increase of solution time, the grain boundary α phase begins to grow, and the lamellar α phase turns into the mixed microstructure of bulk α phase and equiaxed α phase. When the solution time is fixed, the hardness of the TC11 titanium alloy decreases first and then tends to be stable with the increase of solution temperature. The hardness reaches the maximum value when solution temperature is 950 ℃ and solution time is 120 min. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Effect of secondary forging deformation on microstructure and impact properties of Cr-Mo-V die steel after spheroidal annealing Xia Yunfeng, Ma Danning, Yang Qiang, Zhou Zhongcheng, Wang Jiaoqi Heat Treatment of Metals    2024, 49 (10): 99-104.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.10.016 Abstract （192）      PDF （3596KB）（37）       Knowledge map    Effect of secondary forging deformation on microstructure, precipitation and impact properties of Cr-Mo-V die steel was studied by means of metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope, high resolution transmission electron microscope and impact testing machine. The results show that compared with conventional upsetting and drawing deformation, the microstructure and network carbides of the die steel after spheroidizing annealing under secondary radial forging and secondary upsetting and drawing deformation processes are significantly optimized, the impact absorbed energy are improved by 12% and 58%, respectively, and the precipitated carbides increases in quantity and is dispersed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Microstructure and wear resistance of AlCoCrFeMnZr near-eutectic high-entropy alloy Wang Zhixin, Yang Cheng, Ma Mingxing, Wang Bozhen, Dong Chen, Li Shangzhi, Hou Runsen Heat Treatment of Metals    2023, 48 (1): 1-5.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2023.01.001 Abstract （191）      PDF （695KB）（166）       Knowledge map    AlCoCrFeMnZr near-eutectic high-entropy alloy was prepared by vacuum melting, then its crystal structure, morphology, hardness and wear resistance were tested by means of XRD, SEM, microhardness tester and friction and wear testing machine. The results show that the phase structure of the AlCoCrFeMnZr alloy is BCC+HCP dual-phase structure, composing of primary phase and fine lamellar eutectic. The primary phase consists of the HCP phase enriched in Cr, Fe, and Zr, which grows in a dendritic manner. The main elements in the dendrite region (α phase) of the lamellar eutectic structure are Co, Cr and Fe, and the main elements in the intergranular (β phase) are Al and Zr, which conforms to the structure and element distribution of high-entropy alloys. The wear model changes from adhesive wear and abrasive wear to oxidative wear, and the friction factor shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, and the average friction factor is 0.5432, the microhardness is 768.8 HV0.5, that means the alloy has excellent hardness and wear resistance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Microstructure and thermal processing map of Inconel 600 alloy Zhou Yusen, Cheng Xiaonong, Luo Rui, Gao Pei, Liu Yu, Yuan Zhizhong Heat Treatment of Metals    2022, 47 (10): 107-112.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2022.10.017 Abstract （190）      PDF （567KB）（44）       Knowledge map    Thermal processing map of Inconel 600 alloy was obtained through thermal compression experiment by using Gleeble-3500 testing machine, and the microstructure corresponding to different zones of the thermal processing map was studied. Finally, the actual hot extrusion production was carried out by using the thermal processing window given by the thermal processing map. The results show that when the strain is 0.6, the thermal processing window is generally stable in the low strain rate region of 0.01-0.1 s-1 and the high strain rate 10 s-1 at 1150-1200 ℃. The actually produced pipe has a good macro morphology, and the microstructure is basically equiaxed recrystallized grains with twins, which are refined comparing with that of as-annealed alloy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Research status of high-temperature mechanical properties and deformation mechanism of FeMnCoCrNi high-entropy alloy Sheng Jian, Li Dazhao, Yan Zhijie, Bai Shaobin, Chen Yongan, Xie Ruofei Heat Treatment of Metals    2024, 49 (10): 211-219.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.10.035 Abstract （187）      PDF （4238KB）（80）       Knowledge map    As a class of emerging advanced metal materials in recent years and based on the unique multi-principal element alloy design concept, high-entropy alloys (HEAs) are expected to break through the performance limit of traditional single-principal element alloys. Among them, FeMnCoCrNi HEA is one of the most widely studied systems with excellent mechanical properties and broad application prospects. The unique “four core effects” of HEAs were firstly introduced, including high entropy effect, lattice distortion effect, hysteresis diffusion effect and cocktail effect. Secondly, the research status of FeMnCoCrNi high entropy alloy in high temperature tensile properties, high temperature creep properties and corresponding deformation mechanisms was reviewed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Effect of Zn/Mg ratio on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 7075 aluminum alloy He Zongzheng, Wu Mingdong, Yuan Shuo, Yao Shuwei, Xiao Daihong, Huang Lanping, Liu Wensheng Heat Treatment of Metals    2024, 49 (5): 1-9.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.05.001 Abstract （185）      PDF （9223KB）（127）       Knowledge map    Effect of Zn/Mg ratio (mass fraction) on microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of 7075 aluminum alloys was investigated by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, tensile test, microhardness test and corrosion test. The results show that with the increase of Zn/Mg ratio from 1.76 to 2.90, the grain size of the as-cast alloy increases, the T6 age-hardening rate of the alloy is accelerated, and the time to reach peak hardness is shortened. The increase in Zn/Mg ratio results in a decrease in the recrystallization rate of the T6 peak-aged alloy and an increase in the percentage of the low-angle grain boundaries. The tensile strength of the alloy under the T6 peak-aging treatment with the Zn/Mg ratio of 2.10 is 634 MPa, the yield strength of the alloy is 588 MPa, and elongation is 8.4%. The tensile strength of the T74 aged alloy is 613 MPa, yield strength is 542 MPa, and elongation is 8.9%, and alloys with Zn/Mg ratio of 2.10 in both aging states exhibit good strength while maintaining high elongation. The corrosion resistance of the aged alloy decreases as the Zn/Mg ratio increases from 1.76 to 2.90. The corrosion resistance of the alloy after T74 aging treatment is better than that of the alloy under the T6 peak-aging state. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Effect of solution treatment temperature and time on corrosion resistance of high nitrogen stainless steel Zhang Cunshuai, Liu Jimeng, Li Hao, Zhao Dingguo, Wang Shuhuan, Ni Guolong Heat Treatment of Metals    2022, 47 (8): 141-147.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2022.08.023 Abstract （181）      PDF （593KB）（64）       Knowledge map    High nitrogen nickel-free austenitic stainless steel with 0.54%N was prepared by vacuum induction furnace+electroslag remelting furnace under 0.08 MPa. After hot rolling, the tested steel was solution treated at 800, 900, 1000, 1100 and 1200 ℃ for different time, respectively. The microstructure and corrosion resistance of the tested steel were studied with different solution treatment processes, in which the corrosion resistance was studied in 3.5% NaCl solution by potentiodynamic polarization curve, and the mass loss ratio and corrosion rate were calculated after soaking in 6% FeCl3 solution for 8 days. The results show that solution treatment has a great influence on microstructure and corrosion resistance of the high nitrogen stainless steel. The tested steel after solution treatment at 1000 ℃ and 1100 ℃ has a single austenite structure. The precipitation phase Cr2N exists in the microstructure of the tested steel without heat treatment and in that solution treated at 800 ℃ and 900 ℃. In the tested steel solution treated at 1200 ℃, the ferrite structure is precipitated from the austenite. The tested steel heated at 1100 ℃ for 1 h has the best corrosion resistance, and the corrosion rate is only 1.35×10-5 g·cm-2·h-1. While the corrosion resistance of the tested steel heated at 800 ℃ for 3 h is the worst, the corrosion rate is as high as 8.18×10-4 g·cm-2·h-1. The corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel is somewhere in between, and the corrosion rate is 1.24×10-4 g·cm-2·h-1. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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  Effect of stacking fault energy on deformation mechanism in face centered cubic high-entropy alloy Zhang Bo, Li Jie, Wu Kaidi, Niu Lichong, Wan Decheng, Feng Yunli Heat Treatment of Metals    2023, 48 (8): 225-234.   doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2023.08.037 Abstract （180）      PDF （4336KB）（150）       Knowledge map    Properties of high-entropy alloys can be tuned by changing the types and ratios of alloying elements, which affect the stacking fault energy and phase stability of the alloy system, then the plastic deformation mechanism of the alloy can be changed, thus the optimal comprehensive mechanical properties can be obtained. The factors that affect the stacking fault energy of face centered cubic high-entropy alloys, and the influence of stacking fault energy on deformation mechanism, are reviewed. And the methods that can affect the mechanical properties by changing the activation order of deformation mechanisms by adjusting the stacking fault energy are prospected. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics