Effect of annealing process on microstructure and properties of Fe-30Mn-10Al-1C low density steel

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.02.014

Abstract

Abstract: Effect of different annealing processes on microstructure and mechanical properties of the Fe-30Mn-10Al-1C low density steel was systematically studied, and the ductile-to-brittle transition mechanism of the material was analyzed. The results show that κ carbides and ferrite are precipitated in the tested steel annealed at 800 ℃, of which the tensile strength is higher than 1100 MPa, while the impact property at -40 ℃ is poor. κ carbides disappear after annealing at 850 ℃, the product of strength and elongation of the tested steel are increased, and the toughness is improved. Austenitic single-phase structure is obtained after annealing at 900 ℃, obtaining a good match of strength-plasticity and strength-toughness. The toughness of the Fe-30Mn-10Al-1C steel is related to the formation of κ carbide and ferrite in the austenite matrix as well as the grain size of austenite, and there is an inverse size relationship between the toughness and the grain size of austenite.

Key words: low density steel, annealing, product of strength and elongation, impact property, slipping band, inverse size relationship

CLC Number:

TG142.1

Hu Qiwen, Li Tianyi, Geng Xiaoxiao, Cheng Zhuo, Liu Wenyue, Wu Guilin. Effect of annealing process on microstructure and properties of Fe-30Mn-10Al-1C low density steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2024, 49(2): 91-97.

References

[1]Chen S, Rana R, Haldar A, et al. Current state of Fe-Mn-Al-C low density steels[J]. Progress in Materials Science, 2017, 89: 345-391.
[2]Gutierrez-Urrutia I, Raabe D. Influence of Al content and precipitation state on the mechanical behavior of austenitic high-Mn low-density steels[J]. Scripta Materialia, 2013, 68(6): 343-347.
[3]Li Z, Wang Y C, Cheng X, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of an Fe-Mn-Al-C lightweight steel after dynamic plastic deformation processing and subsequent aging[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2022, 833: 142566.
[4]Ren P, Chen X P, Yang M J, et al. Effect of early stage of κ-carbides precipitation on tensile properties and deformation mechanism in high Mn-Al-C austenitic low-density steel[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2022, 857: 144132.
[5]Lin C L, Chao C G, Bor H Y, et al. Relationship between microstructures and tensile properties of an Fe-30Mn-8.5Al-2.0C alloy[J]. Materials Transactions, 2010, 51(6): 1084-1088.
[6]Lin C L, Chao C G, Juang J Y, et al. Deformation mechanisms in ultrahigh-strength and high-ductility nanostructured FeMnAlC alloy[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2014, 586: 616-620.
[7]Liu D, Cai M, Ding H, et al. Control of inter/intra-granular κ-carbides and its influence on overall mechanical properties of a Fe-11Mn-10Al-1.25C low density steel[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2018, 715: 25-32.
[8]Kim S H, Kim H, Kim N J. Brittle intermetallic compound makesultrastrong low-density steel with large ductility[J]. Nature, 2015, 518: 77.
[9]Hwang J H, Trang T T T, Lee O, et al. Improvement of strength-ductility balance of B2-strengthened lightweight steel[J]. Acta Materialia, 2020, 191: 1-12.
[10]Zargaran A, Trang T T T, Park G, et al. κ-Carbide assisted nucleation of B2: A novel pathway to develop high specific strength steels[J]. Acta Materialia, 2021, 220: 117349.
[11]Zhang J L, Raabe D, Tasan C C. Designing duplex, ultrafine-grained Fe-Mn-Al-C steels by tuning phase transformation and recrystallization kinetics[J]. Acta Materialia, 2017, 141: 374-387.
[12]Ren P, Chen X P, Cao Z X, et al. Synergistic strengthening effect induced ultrahigh yield strength in lightweight Fe30Mn11Al-1.2C steel[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2019, 752: 160-166.
[13]An Y F, Chen X P, Ren P, et al. Ultrastrong and ductile austenitic lightweight steel via ultra-fine grains and heterogeneous B2 precipitates[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2022, 860: 144330.
[14]Mohamadizadeh A, Zarei-Hanzaki A, Kisko A, et al. Ultra-fine grained structure formation through deformation-induced ferrite formation in duplex low-density steel[J]. Materials and Design, 2016, 92: 322-329.
[15]Gao J, Jiang S, Zhao H, et al. Enhancing strength and ductility in a near medium Mn austenitic steel via multiple deformation mechanisms through nanoprecipitation[J]. Acta Materialia, 2023, 243: 118538.
[16]杨富强, 宋仁伯, 李亚萍, 等. 退火温度对冷轧Fe-Mn-Al-C低密度钢性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2015, 29(2): 108-114.
Yang Fuqiang, Song Renbo, Li Yaping, et al. Effect of annealing temperature on properties of cold-rolled Fe-Mn-Al-C low density steel[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2015, 29(2): 108-114.
[17]Putyatin A A, Davydov V E, Nesterenko S N. High temperature interactions in the Fe-Al-C system at 6 GPa pressure[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 1992, 179(1-2): 165-175.
[18]Kohlhaas R, Dunner P, Schmitzp N. Über die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Gitterparameter von Eisen Kobalt und Nickel im Bereich hoher Temperaturen[J]. Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Physik, 1967, 23(4): 245.
[19]Owen E A, Williams G I. A low-temperature X-ray camera[J]. Journal of Scientific Instruments, 1954, 31(2): 49.
[20]Zambrano O A. A general perspective of Fe-Mn-Al-C steels[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2018, 53(20): 14003-14062.
[21]Bentley A P. Ordering in Fe-Mn-Al-C austenite[J]. Journal of Materials Science Letters, 1986, 5(9): 907-908.
[22]Zhi H, Li J, Li W, et al. Simultaneously enhancing strength-ductility synergy and strain hardenability via Si-alloying in medium-Al FeMnAlC lightweight steels[J]. Acta Materialia, 2023, 245: 118611.
[23]Li Y, Lu Y, Li W, et al. Hierarchical microstructuredesign of a bimodal grained twinning-induced plasticity steel with excellent cryogenic mechanical properties[J]. Acta Materialia, 2018, 158: 79-94.
[24]Etienne A, Massardier-Jourdan V, Cazottes S, et al. Ferrite effects in Fe-Mn-Al-C triplex steels[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2014, 45(1): 324-334.
[25]Haase C, Zehnder C, Ingendahl T, et al. On the deformation behavior of κ-carbide-free and κ-carbide-containing high-Mn light-weight steel[J]. Acta Materialia, 2017, 122: 332-343.
[26]LiC N, Ji F Q, Yuan G, et al. The impact of thermo-mechanical controlled processing on structure-property relationship and strain hardening behavior in dual-phase steels[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2016, 662: 100-110.
[27]Ji F, Song W, Ma Y, et al. Recrystallization behavior in a low-density high-Mn high-Al austenitic steel undergone thin strip casting process[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2018, 733: 87-97.
[28]Welsch E, Ponge D, Haghighat S M H, et al. Strain hardening by dynamic slip band refinement in a high-Mn lightweight steel[J]. Acta Materialia, 2016, 116: 188-199.
[29]Haghdadi N, Cizek P, Hodgson P D, et al. Microstructure dependence of impact toughness in duplex stainless steels[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2019, 745: 369-378.
[30]Wang H, Cao Z, Gao Z, et al. Synergetic strengthening from dynamic slip band-grain boundary interaction in a low-density FeMnAlC steel[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2022, 862: 144498.
[31]Feng Y, Song R, Pei Z, et al. Effect of aging isothermal time on the microstructure and room-temperature impact toughness of Fe-24.8Mn-7.3Al-1.2C austenitic steel with κ-carbides precipitation[J]. Metals and Materials International, 2018, 24(5): 1012-1023.
[32]Albuquerque de Vicente A, D'silva P A, Jos B, et al. Study on the effect of ferrite number on impact toughness of austenitic stainless steels at low temperatures[J]. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 2020, 7(10): 102-111.
[33]Zheng Z, Yang H, Shatrava A P, et al. Work hardening behavior and fracture mechanisms of Fe-18Mn-1.3C-2Cr low-density steel castings with varying proportions of aluminum alloying[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2022, 862: 144467.
[34]Xie Z, Hui W, Bai S, et al. Impact toughness of Fe-Mn-Al-C austenitic low-density steel solution treated at different temperatures[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2023, 58(1): 1-21.
[35]Guo F J, Wang Y F, Wang M S, et al. The critical grain size for optimal strength-ductility synergy in CrCoNi medium entropy alloy[J]. Scripta Materialia, 2022, 218: 114808.
[36]Zhang S, Liu Y, Wang J, et al. Tensile behaviors and strain hardening mechanisms in a high-Mn steel with heterogeneous microstructure[J]. Materials, 2022, 15(10): 3542.
[37]MaL, Tang Z, You Z, et al. Microstructure, mechanical properties and deformation behavior of Fe-28.7Mn-10.2Al-1.06C high specific strength steel[J]. Metals, 2022, 12(4): 602.
[38]刘日平, 王青峰, 张新宇, 等. 一种低密度高塑韧性钢及其制备方法和应用: CN202210436540.9[P]. 2023-05-23.
[39]黄军, 白云, 李经涛, 等. 一种低密度高强高韧热轧钢板的制造方法: CN202210121883.6[P]. 2022-06-24.
[40]刘日平, 王青峰, 张新宇. 一种低密度超高强度高塑性钢及其制备方法和应用: CN202210436216.7[P]. 2022-07-16.
[41]You R K, Kao P W, Gan D. Mechanical properties of Fe-30Mn-10Al-1C-1Si alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 1989, 117: 141-148.
[42]Zhang L, Song R, Zhao C, et al. Evolution of the microstructure and mechanical properties of an austenite-ferrite Fe-Mn-Al-C steel[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2015, 643: 183-193.
[43]Luo K T, Kao P W, Gan D. Low temperature mechanical properties of Fe-28Mn-5Al-1C alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 1992, 151(1): 15-18.