金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5): 202-207.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.05.031

• 工艺研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

16CrNi4MoA钢的低压真空渗碳工艺

李立群1, 王联进1, 王广超1, 陈卫华2   

  1. 1.中国航发中传机械有限公司, 湖南 长沙 410200;
    2.南昌航空大学 材料科学与工程学院, 江西 南昌 330063
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-15 修回日期:2025-03-12 发布日期:2025-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 陈卫华,讲师,博士,E-mail:chenweihua@nchu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李立群(1971—),男,高级工程师,学士,主要研究方向为金属材料热处理和表面处理技术,E-mail:13975191328@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国航发航空齿轮制造技术创新中心基金(AGMTIC-KFKT-202401);江西省航空材料表面技术工程中心基金(EB202301428);江西省自然科学基金(CA202401448)

Low-pressure vacuum carburizing process for 16CrNi4MoA steel

Li Liqun1, Wang Lianjin1, Wang Guangchao1, Chen Weihua2   

  1. 1. AECC Zhongchuan Transmission Machinery Co., Ltd., Changsha Hunan 410200, China;
    2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang Jiangxi 330063, China
  • Received:2025-01-15 Revised:2025-03-12 Published:2025-06-25

摘要: 采用低压真空渗碳工艺对航空齿轮渗碳钢16CrNi4MoA进行渗碳处理,随后进行两次高温回火、淬火、冷处理及低温回火,重点分析渗碳热处理后试样的显微组织、碳化物形貌及硬度梯度分布。通过调控向真空渗碳炉内通入乙炔的时间和氮气保护扩散时间两个关键参数,实现了16CrNi4MoA钢渗碳层组织的精确调控。结果表明,在920 ℃渗碳时,乙炔通入时间设为1355 s、氮气保护扩散时间设为24 800 s时,试样表层形成了均匀的粒状和细小条状碳化物,渗碳层质量较佳;经后续热处理后,获得的渗碳层厚度可达1.08 mm,渗层表面硬度可达62.5 HRC,心部硬度为44.0 HRC,符合16CrNi4MoA钢航空齿轮技术要求,渗层表面到心部硬度梯度呈现平缓的特征。

关键词: 低压真空渗碳, 16CrNi4MoA钢, 渗碳层, 硬度

Abstract: Low pressure vacuum carburizing process was carried out on the aviation gear carburizing steel 16CrNi4MoA, followed by two high-temperature tempering, quenching, cryogenic treatment, and low-temperature tempering. The microstructure, carbide morphology, and hardness gradient distribution of the specimens after carburizing heat treatment were analyzed. The precise control of the microstructure of the carburized layer of 16CrNi4MoA steel was achieved by adjusting two key parameters: the time for introducing acetylene into the vacuum carburizing furnace, and the time for nitrogen protection diffusion. The results show that, when carburized at 920 ℃, with acetylene introducing time setting to 1355 s, nitrogen protection diffusion time setting to 24 800 s, uniform granular and fine strip carbides are formed on the surface of the specimen, and the quality of the carburized layer is better. After subsequent heat treatment, the thickness of carburized layer can be up to 1.08 mm, carburized layer surface hardness can reach 62.5 HRC, with the core hardness of 44.0 HRC, in line with the technical requirements of the 16CrNi4MoA steel aviation gears, and the hardness gradient from the surface of the carburized layer to the core shows a gentle feature.

Key words: low-pressure vacuum carburizing, 16CrNi4MoA steel, carburized layer, hardness

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