汽车齿轮渗碳钢热处理过程中的晶粒长大和不均匀性原位观察

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.04.008

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4): 55-64.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.04.008

汽车齿轮渗碳钢热处理过程中的晶粒长大和不均匀性原位观察

钟正根^1,2, 莫家璇², 刘红亮³, 张瑞¹, 胡海江², 张志成⁴, 袁清²

1.浙江工贸职业技术学院, 浙江温州 325000;
2.武汉科技大学省部共建耐火材料与冶金国家重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430081;
3.大自然钢业集团有限公司, 浙江温州 325000;
4.大冶特殊钢有限公司, 湖北黄石 435001

收稿日期:2024-11-04 修回日期:2025-02-13 发布日期:2025-06-13
通讯作者: 袁清,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,E-mail:yuanqing@wust.edu.cn
作者简介:钟正根(1981—),男,讲师,硕士,主要研究方向为激光及金属材料加工,E-mail:15990722700@163.com。
基金资助:
湖北省自然科学基金联合基金(2024AFD009);湖北省自然科学基金(2024AFB900);国家自然科学基金(52004193)

In-situ investigation on grain growth and inhomogeneity in automobile carburized gear steel during heat treatment

Zhong Zhenggen^1,2, Mo Jiaxuan², Liu Hongliang³, Zhang Rui¹, Hu Haijiang², Zhang Zhicheng⁴, Yuan Qing²

1. Zhejiang Industry & Trade Vocational College, Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430081, China;
3. Natural Steel Group Co., Ltd., Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000, China;
4. Daye Special Steel Co., Ltd., Huangshi Hubei 435001, China

Received:2024-11-04 Revised:2025-02-13 Published:2025-06-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用高温激光共聚焦显微镜对两种不同成分汽车齿轮渗碳钢20CrMnTi在正火-伪渗碳过程中的奥氏体晶粒长大进行原位观察研究,从奥氏体晶粒长大和晶粒不均匀性因子以及第二相颗粒分布来揭示正火-渗碳工艺下的组织演变规律。结果表明,正火-伪渗碳热处理过程中,Nb-Ti-Mo钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸始终要小于Ti-Mo钢,且奥氏体晶粒尺寸不均匀性因子也始终小于Ti-Mo钢,这与其中的(Nb, Ti, Mo)(C, N)颗粒具有较好的抗熟化作用有关。另外,两种钢的奥氏体晶粒尺寸不均匀性因子均随着正火和伪渗碳保温时间的延长而逐渐增大,但伪渗碳过程的奥氏体晶粒尺寸不均匀性因子要略大于正火过程。此外,在伪渗碳阶段,Nb-Ti-Mo钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸不均匀性因子发生急剧增大的情况要晚于Ti-Mo钢。相比于保温时间,奥氏体晶粒尺寸对温度具有更高敏感性,温度的波动容易造成晶粒的明显长大。

关键词: 原位观察, 微合金化, 奥氏体晶粒, 析出物, 不均匀性因子

Abstract: In-situ observation of austenite grain growth of two automotive gear carburized steels 20CrMnTi with different compositions was studied by using high temperature laser confocal microscope. The austenite grain growth, inhomogeneity factor and second phase particle distribution were discussed to reveal the microstructure evolution during normalizing and pseudo-carburizing. The results show that the austenite grain size of the Nb-Ti-Mo steel is always smaller than that of the Ti-Mo steel during normalizing and pseudo-carburizing, and the austenite inhomogeneity factor of the Nb-Ti-Mo steel is also always smaller than that of the Ti-Mo steel, which is related to the better aging resistance of (Nb, Ti, Mo)(C, N) particles. In addition, the austenite inhomogeneity factor increases gradually with the extension of normalizing time and pseudo-carburizing time, and the inhomogeneity factor during the pseudo-carburizing is slightly larger than that during the normalizing. Moreover, in the pseudo-carburizing stage, the occurrence of the sharp increase in austenite grain size inhomogeneity factor of the Nb-Ti-Mo steel is later than that of Ti-Mo steel. Austenite grain size is more sensitive to temperature than time, and the temperature fluctuation is easy to cause obvious grain growth.

Key words: in-suit observation, microalloying, austenite grain, precipitate, inhomogeneity factor

中图分类号:

TG142.1

钟正根, 莫家璇, 刘红亮, 张瑞, 胡海江, 张志成, 袁清. 汽车齿轮渗碳钢热处理过程中的晶粒长大和不均匀性原位观察[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(4): 55-64.

Zhong Zhenggen, Mo Jiaxuan, Liu Hongliang, Zhang Rui, Hu Haijiang, Zhang Zhicheng, Yuan Qing. In-situ investigation on grain growth and inhomogeneity in automobile carburized gear steel during heat treatment[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(4): 55-64.

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汽车齿轮渗碳钢热处理过程中的晶粒长大和不均匀性原位观察

In-situ investigation on grain growth and inhomogeneity in automobile carburized gear steel during heat treatment

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