感应热处理超音速火焰喷涂NiCrBSiFe涂层的组织与性能

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.09.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)和感应热处理方法制备的NiCrBSiFe涂层的组织结构、物相以及磨粒磨损、冲蚀磨损和空蚀磨损等性能。结果表明,热处理增加了涂层中硬质相与粘结相的结合程度,二者之间不存在界面缝隙等缺陷。涂层与基体界面形成了冶金结合,存在一层厚度约25 μm的过渡层,并发现涂层中存在少量圆形气孔。涂层主要含有Ni、Cr₃Si、Ni₂B、CrB和Ni₃₁Si₁₂;涂层的平均硬度达到661.1 HV0.3,相较于2205不锈钢,硬度提升了近2倍;在磨粒磨损过程中,2205不锈钢与NiCrBSiFe涂层二者机制相同,未发生明显的硬质颗粒剥落,NiCrBSiFe涂层质量损失约为0.59 g,约为2205不锈钢的55%;在冲蚀磨损过程中,由于硬质相的阻碍作用,NiCrBSiFe涂层塑性变形区尺寸小于不锈钢,其质量损失约为47.63 g,约为不锈钢的77%;在空蚀磨损过程中,由于热处理强化作用,NiCrBSiFe涂层未发生大面积层状剥离与硬质颗粒剥落问题,NiCrBSiFe涂层空蚀质量损失约为2.40 g,低于2205不锈钢质量损失的50%。

关键词: 超音速火焰喷涂, 感应热处理, NiCrBSiFe涂层, 结构与性能

Abstract: Microstructure, phase composition, and tribological properties such as abrasive wear, erosive wear, and cavitation wear of NiCrBSiFe coatings prepared using high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying combined with induction heat treatment were studied. The results show that heat treatment improves the bonding between the hard phases and the binder phase within the coating, with no defects such as interfacial gaps observed. A metallurgical bond forms at the interface between the coating and the substrate, accompanied by a transition layer approximately 25 μm thick. Additionally, a limited number of round pores were identified within the coating. The primary constituents of the coating include Ni, Cr₃Si, Ni₂B, CrB, and Ni₃₁Si₁₂; the average hardness of the coating reaches 661.1 HV0.3, nearly doubling the hardness compared to 2205 stainless steel. During abrasive wear tests, the mechanisms for both 2205 stainless steel and the NiCrBSiFe coating were found to be similar, with no significant spalling of hard particles observed. The mass loss of the NiCrBSiFe coating was approximately 0.59 g, about 55% of that of 2205 stainless steel. In erosion wear tests, the presence of hard phases resulted in a smaller plastic deformation zone size for the NiCrBSiFe coating compared to stainless steel, leading to a mass loss of approximately 47.63 g, which is about 77% of that of stainless steel. In cavitation wear tests, the strengthening effect of heat treatment prevented large-area delamination and spalling of hard particles in the NiCrBSiFe coating, resulting in a mass loss of approximately 2.40 g, which is less than 50% of the mass loss of 2205 stainless steel.

Key words: high velocity oxygen fuel, induction heat treatment, NiCrBSiFe coating, microstructure and properties

中图分类号:

TG146

伊静, 董会, 王飞, 李鹏宇, 张永杰, 冯玉坤. 感应热处理超音速火焰喷涂NiCrBSiFe涂层的组织与性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(9): 12-18.

Yi Jing, Dong Hui, Wang Fei, Li Pengyu, Zhang Yongjie, Feng Yukun. Microstructure and properties of induction heat treatment and high velocity oxygen fuel sprayed NiCrBSiFe coating[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(9): 12-18.

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