稀土Ce对低合金耐磨钢组织与性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.04.006

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4): 40-47.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.04.006

稀土Ce对低合金耐磨钢组织与性能的影响

孙建昌¹, 牛泽鹏², 穆鸿敏¹, 武卓杰², 马国强², 于彦冲², 韩建超³

1.太原重工股份有限公司技术中心, 山西太原 030024;
2.太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 山西太原 030024;
3.太原理工大学机械与运载工程学院, 山西太原 030024

收稿日期:2024-11-11 修回日期:2025-02-17 发布日期:2025-06-13
通讯作者: 于彦冲,副教授,博士,E-mail:yuyanchong0205@163.com
作者简介:孙建昌(1981—),男,高级工程师,主要研究方向为热处理及铸造技术,E-mail: sunjc123@126.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52004180);山西省回国留学人员科研项目(2023-080)

Effect of rare earth Ce on microstructure and properties of low alloy wear-resistant steel

Sun Jianchang¹, Niu Zepeng², Mu Hongmin¹, Wu Zhuojie², Ma Guoqiang², Yu Yanchong², Han Jianchao³

1. Research and Development Center, Taiyuan Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Taiyuan Shanxi 030024, China;
2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan Shanxi 030024, China;
3. College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan Shanxi 030024, China

Received:2024-11-11 Revised:2025-02-17 Published:2025-06-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以ZG25CrNiMo低合金耐磨钢为研究对象,制备了不含Ce与含0.021%Ce的两组试验钢。首先研究淬火温度对硬度的影响,以确定最佳热处理工艺;随后研究稀土Ce对试验钢中夹杂物、显微组织、冲击性能和耐磨性的影响并分析其作用机理。结果显示,ZG25CrNiMo低合金耐磨钢最佳热处理方案为980 ℃×1 h正火+675 ℃×1 h回火+970 ℃×1 h水淬+205 ℃×1 h回火。与未添加Ce相比,添加0.021%Ce后,试验钢中夹杂物由形状不规则且尺寸较大的Al₂O₃和MnS夹杂物改性为小尺寸、球形的Ce₂O₂S稀土夹杂物。热处理后试验钢的硬度由512 HV0.1提升至538 HV0.1;单位面积内马氏体板条群增多,马氏体板条束宽度由0.50 μm降至0.36 μm;试验钢－40 ℃冲击吸收能量由20.7 J提升至32.0 J,25 ℃冲击吸收能量由31.3 J提升至44.7 J,冲击性能显著增加;120 min冲击磨损失量由660 mg降至550 mg。磨损后试样表面犁沟深度变浅,剥落坑占比显著降低,耐磨性提升20%。稀土Ce对低合金耐磨钢ZG25CrNiMo夹杂物的改善及显微组织的细化是试验钢冲击性能及耐磨性提升的主要原因。

关键词: 稀土Ce, 低合金耐磨钢, 热处理, 夹杂物, 马氏体板条, 冲击性能, 耐磨性

Abstract: Taking ZG25CrNiMo low alloy wear-resisting steel as the research object, two groups of the tested steels without Ce and with 0.021%Ce were prepared. Firstly, the influence of quenching temperature on hardness was studied to determine the best heat treatment process. Then the effect of rare earth Ce on inclusions, microstructure, impact property and wear resistance of the tested steel was studied and the mechanism was analyzed. The results show that the best heat treatment scheme of the ZG25CrNiMo low alloy wear-resistant steel is 980 ℃×1 h normalizing+675 ℃×1 h tempering+970 ℃×1 h water quenching+205 ℃×1 h tempering. Compared with the steel without Ce, the inclusions in the steel adding 0.021%Ce are modified from large and irregular Al₂O₃ and MnS inclusions to small and spherical Ce₂O₂S rare earth inclusions. After heat treatment, the hardness of the tested steel increases from 512 HV0.1 to 538 HV0.1. The group of martensitic lath per unit area increases, and the width of the lath decreases from 0.50 μm to 0.36 μm. The impact absorbed energy of the tested steel increases from 20.7 J to 32.0 J at －40 ℃ and from 31.3 J to 44.7 J at 25 ℃, and the impact property increases significantly. After 120 min impact wear, the wear mass loss decreases from 660 mg to 550 mg. After wear, the ploughing depth on the surface becomes shallow, the proportion of peeling pits is significantly reduced, and the wear resistance is increased by 20%. The improvement of inclusions and refinement of microstructure in the low alloy wear-resistant steel ZG25CrNiMo by rare earth Ce is the main reason for the improvement of impact property and wear resistance of the tested steel.

Key words: rare earth Ce, low alloy wear-resistant steel, heat treatment, inclusion, martensitic lath, impact property, wear resistance

中图分类号:

TG142.1

孙建昌, 牛泽鹏, 穆鸿敏, 武卓杰, 马国强, 于彦冲, 韩建超. 稀土Ce对低合金耐磨钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(4): 40-47.

Sun Jianchang, Niu Zepeng, Mu Hongmin, Wu Zhuojie, Ma Guoqiang, Yu Yanchong, Han Jianchao. Effect of rare earth Ce on microstructure and properties of low alloy wear-resistant steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(4): 40-47.

参考文献

[1] 李忠波, 吴志方, 吴润. 低合金马氏体耐磨钢的研究进展[J]. 金属热处理, 2024, 49(7): 132-138.
Li Zhongbo, Wu Zhigang, Wu Run. Research progress of low alloy martensitic wear-resistant steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2024, 49(7): 132-138.
[2] 李茂林. 我国金属耐磨材料的发展和应用[J]. 铸造, 2002, 51(9): 525-529.
Li Maolin. Development and application of wear resistant metal materials in China[J]. Foundry, 2002, 51(9): 525-529.
[3] 付锡彬, 陈子豪, 张可, 等. 淬火温度对高Ti低合金耐磨钢组织及力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2022, 47(4): 122-128.
Fu Xibin, Chen Zihao, Zhang Ke, et al. Effect of quenching temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of high Ti low alloy wear-resistant steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2022, 47(4): 122-128.
[4] 麻衡, 周平, 刘军刚, 等. 回火温度对NM360耐磨钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2011, 36(4): 66-68.
Ma Heng, Zhou Ping, Liu Jungang, et al. Effect of tempering temperature on microstructure and properties of NM360 wear-resistant steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2011, 36(4): 66-68.
[5] Rabinowicz E, Dunn L A, Russell P G. A study of abrasive wear under three-body conditions[J]. Wear, 1961, 4(5): 345-355.
[6] Rabinowicz E, Mutis A. Effect of abrasive particle size on wear[J]. Wear, 1965, 8(5): 381-390.
[7] Zum Gahr K H. Modelling of two-body abrasive wear[J]. Wear, 1988, 124(1): 87-103.
[8] Zum Gahr K H. Formation of wear debris by the abrasion of ductile metals[J]. Wear, 1981, 74(2): 353-373.
[9] Zum Gahr K H, Franze H. Rolling-sliding wear on precipitation-hardened structures of anaustenitic steel[J]. Wear, 1987, 119(3): 261-275.
[10] Moore M A, King F S. Abrasive wear of brittle solids[J]. Wear, 1980, 60(1): 123-140.
[11] 樊轩宇, 于彦冲, 郑安民, 等. Ce对于20MnTiB冷镦钢夹杂物和力学性能的影响[J]. 工程科学学报, 2024, 46(11): 1989-1999.
Fan Xuanyu, Yu Yanchong, Zheng Anmin, et al. Effect of Ce on inclusions and mechanical properties of 20MnTiB cold heading steel[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2024, 46(11): 1989-1999.
[12] 黄宇, 成国光, 谢有. 稀土Ce对钎具钢中夹杂物的改质机理研究[J]. 金属学报, 2018, 54(9): 1253-1261.
Huang Yu, Cheng Guoguang, Xie You. Modification mechanism of cerium on the inclusions in drill steel[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2018, 54(9): 1253-1261.
[13] 孟晓亮, 于彦冲, 康健, 等. 稀土对A572.Gr65钢夹杂物及低温冲击性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2020, 45(11): 15-18.
Meng Xiaoliang, Yu Yanchong, Kang Jian, et al. Effect of rare earth on inclusions and low temperature impact properties of A572.Gr65 steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2020, 45(11): 15-18.
[14] 张晓峰, 唐建平, 韩春鹏, 等. 稀土在钢中作用及工业化生产现状浅析[J]. 稀土, 2021, 42(4): 117-130.
Zhang Xiaofeng, Tang Jianping, Han Chunpeng, et al. Analysis on the role of rare earth in steel and the present situation of industrial production[J]. Chinese Rare Earths, 2021, 42(4): 117-130.
[15] 刘晓, 杨吉春, 高学中. 稀土对2Cr13不锈钢夹杂物的变质及对冲击韧性的影响[J]. 北京科技大学学报, 2010, 32(5): 605-609.
Liu Xiao, Yang Jichun, Gao Xuezhong. Effects of RE on the inclusions and impact toughness of 2Cr13 stainless steel[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2010, 32(5): 605-609.
[16] 蒋月月, 王昭东, 邓想涛. 铈对低合金超高强钢马氏体相变行为的影响[J]. 钢铁, 2020, 55(6): 84-90.
Jiang Yueyue, Wang Zhaodong, Deng Xiangtao. Effect of trace rare earth Ce on martensitic transformation behavior of ultra-high strength low alloy steel[J]. Iron and Steel, 2020, 55(6): 84-90.
[17] Zhang Qiyu, Jin Yangfan, Zhang Tuo, et al. Effect of yttrium addition on microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of 20Cr13 martensitic stainless steel[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 2020, 27(4): 451-460.
[18] 朱健, 黄海友, 谢建新. 近年稀土钢研究进展与加速研发新思路[J]. 钢铁研究学报, 2017, 29(7): 513-529.
Zhu Jian, Huang Haiyou, Xie Jianxin. Recent progress and new ideas for accelerating research in rare earth steel[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2017, 29(7): 513-529.
[19] Li Hao, Yu Yanchong, Ren Xiang, et al. Evolution of Al₂O₃ inclusions by cerium treatment in low carbon high manganese steel[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 2017, 24(9): 925-934.
[20] Gao Shuai, Wang Min, Guo Jianlong, et al. Characterization transformation of inclusions using rare earth Ce treatment on Al-killed titanium alloyed interstitial free steel[J]. Steel Research International, 2019, 90(10): 1900194.
[21] Oskari H, Vahid J, Kati V, et al. Effect of prior austenite grain size on the abrasive wear resistance of ultra-high strength martensitic steels[J]. Wear, 2020, 454: 203336.
[22] Ma Shuai, Li Yang, Jiang Zhouhua, et al. Effect of Ce addition on inclusions and primary carbide network in AISI 440C bearing steel[J]. Steel Research International, 2024, 95(4): 2300614.
[23] Bramfitt B L. The effect of carbide and nitride additions on the heterogeneous nucleation behavior of liquid iron[J]. Metallurgical Transactions, 1970, 1(7): 1987-1995.
[24] 宿成, 冯光宏, 智建国, 等. 稀土对耐磨板NM400低温冲击韧性的影响[J]. 钢铁研究学报, 2021, 33(12): 1289-1295.
Su Cheng, Feng Guanghong, Zhi Jianguo, et al. Effect of rare earth on low temperature impact toughness of NM400 wear-resistant steel plate[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2021, 33(12): 1289-1295.
[25] Hao Chunlei, Yang Chaoyun, Liu Peng, et al. Effects of rare earth elements on inclusions, microstructure and impact toughness of spring steel[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 2023, 31(4): 933-944.

稀土Ce对低合金耐磨钢组织与性能的影响

Effect of rare earth Ce on microstructure and properties of low alloy wear-resistant steel

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	白莉, 刘蒙恩, 王方丽, 彭莉. 热处理对Fe₃₅Mn₃₅Ni₁₀Cr₁₀Al₁₀高熵合金显微组织和硬度的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(4): 34-39.
[2]	张立冰, 程陆凡, 陈昊, 石全强, 严伟, 罗贯虹, 李瑞平, 王威. Nb、V微合金化Q355B钢的组织与性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(4): 48-54.
[3]	杨少朋, 赵爱军, 张炎杰, 王可印, 许晶晶, 张经纬. 国内外高Mo型压铸模具钢的研究现状[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(4): 65-71.
[4]	齐程, 王啸宇, 马金锁, 谢家成, 王加杰, 杨益春, 吴萌, 毛向阳. 动车12.9级螺栓用SCM435钢的热处理及其性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(4): 187-192.
[5]	胡瑞海, 倪燕红, 李博鹏, 曾云, 郑锦锋. 调质工艺及夹杂物对150 KSI级深井用钢组织和性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(4): 227-230.
[6]	朱健, 邵黎军, 方平, 储恩杰. 热处理对离心复合铸造支承辊工作层组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(4): 246-251.
[7]	李广宇, 黄俊杰, 栾媛, 张翠, 雷腾, 许伊婷. 活性屏等离子体源渗氮距离对2Cr13钢渗层组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(4): 270-276.
[8]	于宝义, 马洪迪, 郑黎. 激光辅助冷喷涂制备SiC-316复合涂层的组织与性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(4): 295-301.
[9]	刘克, 陈建文, 周洪刚, 吴永福, 左经纬, 罗艺, 彭政, 王鑫铭. ZL101A铝合金箱盖的热处理变形控制[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(4): 313-317.
[10]	王畅, 王良, 周培山, 申文竹, 王斌. 冷变形及热处理对GH738镍基合金组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(3): 25-31.
[11]	赵伟男, 卢超, 曹建春, 徐朝勇, 杨立盛, 张金昌. 高压低温回火对铌微合金化高碳钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(3): 32-37.
[12]	刘畅, 王东梅, 蒋宏利, 刘东, 岑耀东, 包喜荣, 陈林. 热处理及微合金化对珠光体轨钢疲劳寿命的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(3): 44-50.
[13]	徐和林, 王江华. 焊后热处理对4Cr5MoSiV模具钢修补焊接头组织和性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(3): 64-68.
[14]	何潇, 许鸿翔, 师陆冰, 赵少甫, 戎泽玉, 关鹤, 陈治. 淬火工艺对渗碳18Cr2Ni4WA钢采煤机行走轮冲击性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(3): 69-73.
[15]	肖永强, 杜贵祥, 祝伟, 陈甥怡, 罗德福. PIP工艺对粉末冶金FN04Mo钢性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(3): 81-89.