时效处理对低压铸造ZL114A合金力学性能及显微组织的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.01.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以低压铸造ZL114A合金为研究对象,通过布氏硬度计、万能试验机、光学显微镜等测试手段,对固溶及时效处理后合金的显微组织及力学性能进行了观察、测试。时效初期,合金的强度快速增加,随着时效时间延长,增长趋势放缓;155 ℃时效12 h后,合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度分别由固溶态的266.7、161.7 MPa增长到333.3、272.3 MPa。合金的断后伸长率则随着时效时间的增加不断下降,由固溶态的12.00%降至155 ℃时效12 h后的7.00%。时效温度越高,原子扩散驱动力越大,合金的强度增加得越快,达到峰值所需得时间越短,同时断后伸长率也降低得越快。合金强度增加、断后伸长率降低的原因为Mg、Si原子偏聚,并逐渐形成稳定的Mg₂Si相。随着第二相的析出转变,其与基体的共格程度逐渐降低,第二相与基体保持半共格关系时,合金的强度最大。

关键词: ZL114A合金, 时效处理, 低压铸造, 力学性能, 显微组织

Abstract: Taking low-pressure cast ZL114A alloy as the research object, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the solution and aging treated alloy specimens were observed and tested by means of optical microscope, Brinell hardness tester and universal testing machine. At the beginning of aging treatment, the strength of the alloy increases rapidly, and the growth trend slows down with the aging time extension. After aging at 155 ℃ for 12 h, the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy increases from 266.7 MPa and 161.7 MPa in solid solution state to 333.3 MPa and 272.3 MPa, respectively. The elongation of the alloy decreases with aging time increasing, from 12.00% in solid solution state to 7.00% after aging at 155 ℃ for 12 h. The higher the aging temperature, the greater the atomic diffusion driving force, the faster the strength of the alloy increases, the shorter the time is required to reach the peak, and the faster the elongation decreases. The reason for the increase of strength and decrease of elongation of the alloy is the segregation of Mg and Si atoms and the formation of stable Mg₂Si phase. With the precipitation and transformation of the second phase, the degree of coherency between the second phase and the matrix gradually decreases, and the strength of the alloy reaches the maximum when the second phase maintains a semi-coherent relationship with the matrix.

Key words: ZL114A alloy, aging treatment, low pressure casting, mechanical properties, microstructure

中图分类号:

TG166.3

田少鲲, 金圆平, 王萍, 杨堃, 刘晓霏, 郭占, 郁瑞兴, 范庆利. 时效处理对低压铸造ZL114A合金力学性能及显微组织的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2024, 49(1): 179-185.

Tian Shaokun, Jin Yuanping, Wang Ping, Yang Kun, Liu Xiaofei, Guo Zhan, Yu Ruixing, Fan Qingli. Effect of aging treatment on mechanical properties and microstructure of low pressure cast ZL114A alloy[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2024, 49(1): 179-185.

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