金属热处理 ›› 2023, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (8): 260-264.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2023.08.042

• 失效分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

牵引电机关键部件铜导条失效分析

陆吉平1, 杨川1, 崔国栋1,2, 马骥3, 张程菘1, 郭旗扬1, 陈大志1   

  1. 1.西南交通大学 材料科学与工程学院, 四川 成都 610031;
    2.西南交通大学 宜宾研究院, 四川 宜宾 644000;
    3.宁波甬先智能研究有限公司, 浙江 宁波 315000
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-06 修回日期:2023-06-25 出版日期:2023-08-25 发布日期:2023-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈大志,工程师,博士,E-mail: cdz@swjtu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:陆吉平(1998—),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为失效分析,E-mail: Ljp@my.swjtu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    宁波市重大科技攻关项目(2022Z003)

Failure analysis on copper bars of traction motor key component

Lu Jiping1, Yang Chuan1, Cui Guodong1,2, Ma Ji3, Zhang Chengsong1, Guo Qiyang1, Chen Dazhi1   

  1. 1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu Sichuan 610031, China;
    2. Yibin Research Institute, Southwest Jiaotong University, Yibin Sichuan 644000, China;
    3. Ningbo Yongxian Intelligent Research Co., Ltd., Ningbo Zhejiang 315000, China
  • Received:2023-03-06 Revised:2023-06-25 Online:2023-08-25 Published:2023-10-10

摘要: 某HXN5机车5GEB32B1型牵引电机,在使用过程中发生多起电机转子铜导条断裂事故。通过化学成分测试、金相检测、拉伸性能测定和断口形貌分析等手段,对导条断裂原因进行分析,并提出了相应改进措施。结果表明,导条的化学成分、组织以及性能均满足相关标准要求,断裂机制属于疲劳断裂+蠕变断裂。断裂导条上观察到明显的疲劳条带,并且导条断裂后与锭子发生剧烈摩擦,使周围导条和整个电机温度上升,导致导条在较高温度下和长时间承受各类载荷而发生蠕变。

关键词: 铜导条, 失效分析, 疲劳断裂, 蠕变断裂

Abstract: Many accidents of the motor rotor copper guide bar fracture occurred in service for the 5GEB32B1 type traction motor of HXN5 locomotive. The fracture causes were analyzed, and the corresponding improvement measures were proposed by means of chemical composition test, metallographic examination, tensile test and fracture morphology analysis. The results show that the chemical composition, microstructure and properties of the copper all meet the requirements of relevant standards, and the fracture mechanisms are fatigue fracture and creep fracture. Obvious fatigue striations are observed on the broken copper bars, and the temperature around the copper bar and throughout the whole motor raises caused by the copper bars rubbing violently with the spindle after fracture, which further causes the guide bars to creep under various loads at high temperature and for a long time.

Key words: copper bar, failure analysis, fatigue fracture, creep rupture

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