奥氏体不锈钢表面激光熔覆锆涂层的组织及硬度

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2023.05.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了提高常用奥氏体不锈钢的表面性能,延长其服役寿命,拓宽其使用价值,采用激光熔覆技术在一种典型奥氏体不锈钢表面制备了锆涂层,借助金相显微镜、XRD、ECC、EDS对熔覆涂层的微观组织进行了表征,利用维氏硬度测试仪对熔覆涂层和基体的硬度进行了测试。结果表明,锆涂层与基体具有良好的冶金结合,其中涂层晶粒主要呈树枝晶形貌,基体晶粒主要呈含退火孪晶的等轴晶形貌。激光熔覆涂层中Zr、Si元素主要富集在枝晶内,Fe、Cr元素主要富集在枝晶间,Ni、Mn元素分布较均匀。涂层区的硬度(约743.2 HV0.1)相较于基体区(230.5 HV0.1)有了显著提升,约为基体的3.2倍。这可能与涂层部分形成的枝晶结构的微观组织和其中的元素偏聚有关,此外第二相强化也不可忽视。

关键词: 奥氏体不锈钢, 激光熔覆, 锆涂层, 组织, 硬度

Abstract: In order to improve the surface properties of commonly used austenitic stainless steels, extend their service life, and broaden their use value, the laser cladding technology was used to prepare a zirconium coating on the surface of a typical austenitic stainless steel. The microstructure of the clad coating was characterized by means of metallographic microscopy, XRD, ECC and EDS, and the hardness of the coating and substrate was tested by means of Vickers hardness tester. The results show that the laser clad zirconium coating has good metallurgical bonding with the stainless steel substrate, the coating grains mainly exhibit a dendritic morphology, while the substrate grains mainly exhibit an equiaxed morphology containing annealing twins. In the laser clad coating, Zr and Si elements are mainly concentrated within the dendrites, while Fe and Cr elements are mainly concentrated between the dendrites, and the distribution of Ni and Mn elements is relatively uniform. The hardness of the coating (about 743.2 HV0.1) is significantly higher than that of the substrate (about 230.5 HV0.1), being about 3.2 times that of the substrate, which may be related to the microstructure of the dendritic structure formed in the coating and the segregation of elements therein. In addition, the contribution from second phase strengthening cannot be ignored.

Key words: austenitic stainless steel, laser cladding, zirconium coating, microstructure, hardness

中图分类号:

TG178

吴裕, 唐奇, 苏晓峰, 蒋文龙, 周丹晴. 奥氏体不锈钢表面激光熔覆锆涂层的组织及硬度[J]. 金属热处理, 2023, 48(5): 12-17.

Wu Yu, Tang Qi, Su Xiaofeng, Jiang Wenlong, Zhou Danqing. Microstructure and hardness of laser clad zirconium coating on austenitic stainless steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2023, 48(5): 12-17.

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