应变速率对汽车用高强钢组织和性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2020.09.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用分离式Hopkinson压杆试验机、扫描电镜等对QP980、TRIP590钢进行不同应变速率下的高速冲击压缩试验,分析不同应变速率下两种汽车用高强钢的组织和性能。结果表明:两试验钢应力计算值与测量值相对误差在1.2%~3.3%,该误差较小且比较稳定,所以试验所得数据与二波公式基本吻合。两种汽车用高强钢的工程应力都随着应变速率的增大而增大,但QP980钢板所能达到的最大工程应力比TRIP590钢板大;冲击后,QP980钢板的组织变得更加板条化且细小,组织为均匀的铁素体和马氏体,而TRIP590钢板冲击后的组织变得粗大且不均匀,随应变速率的增大,原始组织中的铁素体在挤压的过程中向四周延伸组织逐渐变大,贝氏体组织被变大的铁素体组织掩盖,马氏体组织增多。

关键词: 高强钢, 应变速率, 组织, 力学性能

Abstract: High speed impact compression tests of QP980 and TRIP590 steel were carried out under different strain rates by means of split Hopkinson pressure bar testing machine and scanning electron microscope.The microstructure and properties of the two kinds of high strength steel for automobile under different strain rates were analyzed.The results show that the relative error between the calculated stress and the measured stress of the steels is 1.2%-3.3%,which is small and stable,so the experimental data are basically consistent with the two wave formula.The engineering stress of the two kinds of high strength steel for automobile increases with the increase of strain rate,but the maximum engineering stress of QP980 steel plate is larger than that of TRIP590 steel plate.After impact test,the microstructure of QP980 steel plate becomes more lath and fine,and the microstructure is uniform ferrite and martensite.While the microstructure of TRIP590 steel plate after impact becomes coarse and uneven,and with the increase of strain rate,the ferrite in the original structure gradually expands to the surroundings during the extrusion process,the bainite is covered by the larger ferrite structure,and the martensite content increases.

Key words: high strength steel, strain rate, microstructure, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG306

候玉栋, 景财年, 丁啸云, 吴聪. 应变速率对汽车用高强钢组织和性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2020, 45(9): 71-76.

Hou Yudong, Jing Cainian, Ding Xiaoyun, Wu Cong. Effect of strain rate on microstructure and properties ofhigh strength steel for automobile[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2020, 45(9): 71-76.

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