激光冲击处理对301L不锈钢弯曲变形的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.01.032

金属热处理 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (1): 221-225.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2026.01.032

激光冲击处理对301L不锈钢弯曲变形的影响

王岗¹, 刘磊¹, 张成国², 陈俊³, 朱然³, 孙博宇⁴

1.中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司, 山东青岛 266111;
2.中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司机车车辆研究所, 北京 100081;
3.山东科技大学机械电子工程学院, 山东青岛 266590;
4.中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所, 辽宁沈阳 110169

收稿日期:2025-08-18 修回日期:2025-11-14 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-01-27
作者简介:王岗(1989—),男,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事先进制造技术研究,E-mail: wanggang19891225@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4600100);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022ME150)

Effect of laser shock forming on bending deformation of 301L stainless steel

Wang Gang¹, Liu Lei¹, Zhang Chengguo², Chen Jun³, Zhu Ran³, Sun Boyu⁴

1. CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd., Qingdao Shandong 266111, China;
2. Locomotive & Car Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China;
3. College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao Shandong 266590, China;
4. Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang Liaoning 110169, China

Received:2025-08-18 Revised:2025-11-14 Online:2026-01-25 Published:2026-01-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用激光冲击成形(LSF)技术对301L不锈钢板进行单面冲击成形试验,研究了搭接率和冲击次数对301L不锈钢弯曲变形的影响规律,分析了激光冲击对301L不锈钢板表面形貌以及残余应力的影响。结果表明:相同激光参数下,301L不锈钢的曲率半径随激光冲击次数的增加而持续减小,但其下降速率逐渐减缓。当激光冲击次数较少时,曲率半径的减小受搭接率的影响较大,而随着冲击次数的增多,减小趋势显著减小。曲率半径的大小与光斑搭接率和冲击次数呈负相关关系,建立了曲率半径与搭接率、冲击次数之间的数学模型。相同激光冲击参数下,随着搭接率的增加,301L不锈钢板表面凹坑更加明显,搭接区域凹坑深度变大,表面粗糙度明显增大。在激光冲击1次时,搭接率每提升10%,残余压应力的提升幅度稳定在14%~18%区间。

关键词: 301L不锈钢, 激光冲击成形, 弯曲变形, 表面形貌, 残余应力

Abstract: Single-sided forming experiments on 301L stainless steel plates were conducted by using laser shock forming (LSF) technology. The bending deformation behavior of 301L stainless steel under varying overlap ratios and shock numbers was investigated, and the effect of laser shock forming on the surface morphology and residual stresses of the 301L stainless steel plates was analyzed. The results indicate that under the fixed laser parameters, the curvature radius of the 301L stainless steel decreases continuously with the increase of laser shock number, but its decreasing rate gradually slows down. At lower shock numbers, the reduction in curvature radius is more significantly affected by the overlap ratio, whereas with higher shock numbers, the reduction trend diminishes significantly. The curvature radius is negatively correlated with the overlap ratio and the number of laser shock, and a mathematical model between the curvature radius, overlap ratio and laser shock number is established. Under the fixed laser shock parameters, the increase of the overlap ratio results in more pronounced surface indentations on the 301L stainless steel plates with deeper indentations in the overlap area, and a significant increase in surface roughness. When laser shock forming is conducted once, the increase amplitude of residual compressive stress stabilizes within the range of 14%-18% for every 10% increase in overlap ratio.

Key words: 301L stainless steel, laser shock forming, bending deformation, surface morphology, residual stress

中图分类号:

TG665

王岗, 刘磊, 张成国, 陈俊, 朱然, 孙博宇. 激光冲击处理对301L不锈钢弯曲变形的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2026, 51(1): 221-225.

Wang Gang, Liu Lei, Zhang Chengguo, Chen Jun, Zhu Ran, Sun Boyu. Effect of laser shock forming on bending deformation of 301L stainless steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2026, 51(1): 221-225.

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激光冲击处理对301L不锈钢弯曲变形的影响

Effect of laser shock forming on bending deformation of 301L stainless steel

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