退火温度对双峰型超细晶高强钢组织与性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.05.024

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5): 152-159.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.05.024

退火温度对双峰型超细晶高强钢组织与性能的影响

华学兵¹, 袁清², 张庆枭³, 熊乐²

1.浙江工贸职业技术学院光电制造学院, 浙江温州 325000;
2.武汉科技大学省部共建耐火材料与冶金国家重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430081;
3.衢州职业技术学院机电工程学院, 浙江衢州 324000

收稿日期:2024-12-20 修回日期:2025-03-03 发布日期:2025-06-25
通讯作者: 袁清,副教授,博士,E-mail:yuanqing@wust.edu.cn
作者简介:华学兵(1980—),男,副教授,硕士,主要研究方向为3D打印、金属材料、CAD/CAM,E-mail:38704340@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52004193);中国博士后科学基金(2022M710596)

Effect of annealing temperature on microstructure and properties of a bimodal ultrafine-grained high-strength steel

Hua Xuebing¹, Yuan Qing², Zhang Qingxiao³, Xiong Le²

1. School of Optoelectronic Manufacturing, Zhejiang Industry and Trade Vocational College, Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430081, China;
3. School of Mechatronic Engineering, Quzhou College of Technology, Quzhou Zhejiang 324000, China

Received:2024-12-20 Revised:2025-03-03 Published:2025-06-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过对原粗晶粒钢在α+γ两相区温度780 ℃保温3 min进行亚温淬火获得铁素体/马氏体双相起始组织,制备得到了双峰特征的低碳微/纳级别超细晶钢,研究了退火温度(400~650 ℃)对双峰型超细晶钢组织-性能的影响。结果表明,通过引入铁素体相形成铁素体/马氏体起始组织可制备得到双峰型超细晶钢,其抗拉强度为773.47~1159.30 MPa,断裂总延伸率为13.27%~21.09%,相比原始粗晶态钢性能得到极大改善。双峰型微/纳级别超细晶钢最佳退火温度为600 ℃,抗拉强度为891.33 MPa,断裂总延伸率为19.23%,强塑积为17.14 GPa·%,相比原始粗晶态钢强度提升近一倍,断裂总延伸率牺牲较小,强塑积改善明显。另外,随着退火温度升高,双峰分布向大尺寸区域移动,且大尺寸晶粒所处的波峰明显上移,双峰型微/纳级别超细晶钢强度逐渐下降,断裂总延伸率逐渐增大。小尺寸(<1 μm)和大尺寸(>1 μm)铁素体晶粒的体积分数会影响微/纳超细晶钢的强塑性组合。此外,变形铁素体优先发生静态再结晶,这是因为变形铁素体的再结晶动力学大于淬火马氏体,而且,渗碳体颗粒从马氏体中析出阻碍了变形马氏体发生静态再结晶。

关键词: 双峰晶粒, 超细晶高强钢, 退火温度, 铁素体, 再结晶, 力学性能

Abstract: A low carbon micro/nano-scale ultrafine-grained (UFG) steel with bimodal grain microstructure composed of ferrite and martensite was prepared from original coarse-grained steel by intercritical quenching from 780 ℃ and holding for 3 min. The effect of annealing temperature (400-650 ℃) on the microstructure and properties of the bimodal UFG steel was investigated. The results show that the so-prepared bimodal UFG steel with the ferrite/martensite structure exhibits tensile strengths of 773.47 to 1159.30 MPa and total elongations at fracture of 13.27% to 21.09%, representing a significant improvement in properties compared to the original coarse-grained steel. The optimal annealing temperature for the bimodal micro/nano-scale UFG steel is 600 ℃, at which the tensile strength is 891.33 MPa, the total elongation at fracture is 19.23%, and the product of strength and elongation (PSE) is 17.14 GPa·%. Compared to the original coarse-grained steel, the strength is nearly doubled with minimal sacrifice in elongation, and the PSE is significantly improved. In addition, as the annealing temperature increases, the bimodal distribution shifts towards larger sizes, with the peak corresponding to larger grains shifting upwards significantly. Consequently, the strength of the bimodal micro/nano-scale UFG steel gradually decreases, while the total elongation at fracture increases. The volume fractions of small-sized (<1 μm) and large-sized (>1 μm) ferrite grains influence the strength-ductility combination of the micro/nano UFG steel. Furthermore, the deformed ferrite preferentially undergo static recrystallization due to its faster recrystallization kinetics compared to quenched martensite. Additionally, the cementite particles precipitated from the martensite hinder the static recrystallization of the deformed martensite.

Key words: bimodal grain, ultrafine-grained (UFG) steel, annealing temperature, ferrite, recrystallization, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG142.1

华学兵, 袁清, 张庆枭, 熊乐. 退火温度对双峰型超细晶高强钢组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(5): 152-159.

Hua Xuebing, Yuan Qing, Zhang Qingxiao, Xiong Le. Effect of annealing temperature on microstructure and properties of a bimodal ultrafine-grained high-strength steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(5): 152-159.

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退火温度对双峰型超细晶高强钢组织与性能的影响

Effect of annealing temperature on microstructure and properties of a bimodal ultrafine-grained high-strength steel

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