3Cr13钢柴油循环泵主轴断裂失效分析

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2020.07.041

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用X射线荧光光谱仪、光学显微镜、布氏硬度计、拉伸试验机、冲击试验机、扫描电镜等,对3Cr13钢柴油循环泵的主轴断裂原因进行分析。结果表明:3Cr13钢的化学成分、硬度及力学性能均符合技术要求,冲击吸收能量严重偏低;显微组织中含有颗粒网状碳化物,增加了材料脆性;轴径变化台阶处直角过渡,缺乏应有的过渡圆角,易形成应力集中。断裂类型属于疲劳断裂,主轴轴径变化台阶处直角过渡的加工缺陷所形成的应力集中是造成其快速疲劳断裂的主要原因。

关键词: 3Cr13钢, 主轴加工缺陷, 疲劳断裂

Abstract: Fracture reason of the main shaft of diesel circulating pump of the 3Cr13 steel was analyzed by means of X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, metallographic microscope, brinell hardness tester, tensile testing machine, impact testing machine and scanning electron microscope etc. The results show that the chemical composition, hardness and mechanical properties of the 3Cr13 steel meet the technical requirements, and the impact energy is seriously low. Granular reticular carbide in the microstructure increases the brittleness of the material. The stress concentration is easily formed because of the lack of proper transition fillet at the right-angle transition of shaft diameter change step. The type of fracture belongs to fatigue fracture, and the stress concentration caused by the machining defects in the right-angle transition at the step where the shaft diameter changes is the main reason for the rapid fatigue fracture.

Key words: 3Cr13 steel, machining defects of spindle, fatigue fracture

中图分类号:

TG142.41

邹龙江, 戚琳, 史淑艳, 刘书潭. 3Cr13钢柴油循环泵主轴断裂失效分析[J]. 金属热处理, 2020, 45(7): 202-205.

Zou Longjiang, Qi Lin, Shi Shuyan, Liu Shutan. Fracture failure analysis of 3Cr13 steel diesel cycle pump spindle[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2020, 45(7): 202-205.

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