金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (8): 305-308.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.08.049

• 失效分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

30CrMnSiNi2A钢制螺栓断裂原因分析

程东松1,2, 黄浩博1, 郭军校1, 张钦莹1,2, 孔明旭1, 郭超越1   

  1. 1.河南航天精工制造有限公司, 河南 信阳 464000;
    2.河南省紧固连接技术重点实验室, 河南 信阳 464000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-05 修回日期:2025-06-10 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-10
  • 作者简介:程东松(1988—),男,高级工程师,学士,主要研究方向为航空航天紧固件检测及失效分析,E-mail:779959191@qq.com

Fracture cause analysis of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel bolt

Cheng Dongsong1,2, Huang Haobo1, Guo Junxiao1, Zhang Qinying1,2, Kong Mingxu1, Guo Chaoyue1   

  1. 1. Henan Aerospace Precision Machining Co., Ltd., Xinyang Henan 464000, China;
    2. Henan Key Laboratory of Fastening Connection Technology, Xinyang Henan 464000, China
  • Received:2025-03-05 Revised:2025-06-10 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-10

摘要: 某液压阀门用30CrMnSiNi2A钢制螺栓,在服役过程中出现断裂,通过断口形貌观察、化学成分检测、组织观察和力学性能检测确定了螺栓断裂的原因,并提出了改进措施。结果表明,螺栓热处理过程中的回火温度处于30CrMnSiNi2A钢回火脆性温度区间,并且原材料杂质P元素含量偏高,进一步增加了回火脆性,最终导致螺栓脆性断裂。通过等温淬火代替原淬火+回火工艺,螺栓的回火脆性得到了有效预防。

关键词: 30CrMnSiNi2A钢, 螺栓, 断裂分析, 脆性断裂

Abstract: For a 30CrMnSiNi2A steel bolt used in a hydraulic valve, fracture occurred during service. The cause of the bolt fracture was determined through fracture morphology observation, chemical composition test, microstructure observation and mechanical property test, and improvement measures were proposed. The results show that the tempering temperature during the heat treatment of the bolt is in the tempering brittleness temperature range of the 30CrMnSiNi2A steel, and the high content of raw material impurity P element further increases the tempering brittleness, which ultimately leads to brittle fracture of the bolt. By using isothermal quenching instead of the original quenching+tempering process, the tempering brittleness of bolts is effectively prevented.

Key words: 30CrMnSiNi2A steel, bolt, fracture analysis, brittle fracture

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