回火温度对高氮不锈轴承钢组织与力学性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2020.11.029

金属热处理 ›› 2020, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11): 157-162.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2020.11.029

回火温度对高氮不锈轴承钢组织与力学性能的影响

石成朋^1,2, 刘平¹, 张柯¹, 李伟², 杨旗², 郝庆国²

1.上海理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 上海 200093;
2.上海材料研究所上海市工程材料应用与评价重点实验室, 上海 200437

收稿日期:2020-04-24 出版日期:2020-11-25 发布日期:2020-12-29
通讯作者: 李伟,工程师,E-mail:13816792659@126.com
作者简介:石成朋(1993—),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为金属材料,E-mail:18817765083@163.com。

Effect of tempering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of high nitrogen stainless bearing steel

Shi Chengpeng^1,2, Liu Ping¹, Zhang Ke¹, Li Wei², Yang Qi², Hao Qingguo²

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China;
2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials Application and Evaluation, Shanghai Research Institute of Materials, Shanghai 200437, China

Received:2020-04-24 Online:2020-11-25 Published:2020-12-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对退火态高氮不锈轴承钢进行真空高压气淬并深冷后在不同温度下回火空冷处理,采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、场发射环境扫描电镜、场发射透射电镜、洛氏硬度计和万能材料试验机,研究并分析了不同回火温度对高氮不锈轴承钢显微组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:当回火温度由180 ℃升高到550 ℃时,硬度、抗拉强度及屈服强度呈现先下降后上升再迅速下降的变化趋势;试验钢降碳增氮,组织中没有粗大的共晶碳化物存在。当回火温度为500 ℃时,基体组织为回火索氏体,碳化物M₂₃C₆和氮化物Cr₂N细小弥散均匀分布于基体上;在500 ℃回火时出现了二次硬化,强度和硬度达到峰值,这与碳氮化物弥散强化有关。采用1050 ℃真空气淬60 min+深冷处理(-100 ℃×2 h)+500 ℃空冷2 h回火工艺可以获得良好的综合力学性能。

关键词: 高氮不锈轴承钢, 回火温度, 碳化物, 氮化物, 力学性能

Abstract: Annealed high nitrogen stainless bearing steel was subjected to high pressure gas quenching and cryogenic treatment and then tempered at different temperatures and air cooled. The effect of different tempering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of the high nitrogen stainless bearing steel was studied by means of optical microscope, X-Ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Rockwell hardness tester and universal material testing machine. The results show that with the tempering temperature increasing from 180 ℃ to 550 ℃, the hardness, tensile strength and yield strength display a trend of increasing after the first falling and then rapidly decreasing. There are no coarse eutectic carbides observed in the structure due to reducing carbon content and increasing nitrogen content in the composition of the tested steel. When the tempering temperature is 500 ℃, the matrix structure is tempered sorbite, and the carbides M₂₃C₆ and nitride Cr₂N are dispersed uniformly and finely. The secondary hardening occurs at 500 ℃, and the strength and hardness reach the peak state, which is related to the strengthening of carbonitride dispersion. Good comprehensive mechanical properties can be obtained by 1050 ℃ high pressure gas quenching for 60 min+cryogenic treatment (-100 ℃×2 h)+500 ℃×2 h air cooling tempering.

Key words: high nitrogen stainless bearing steel, tempering temperature, carbide, nitride, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG156

石成朋, 刘平, 张柯, 李伟, 杨旗, 郝庆国. 回火温度对高氮不锈轴承钢组织与力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2020, 45(11): 157-162.

Shi Chengpeng, Liu Ping, Zhang Ke, Li Wei, Yang Qi, Hao Qingguo. Effect of tempering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of high nitrogen stainless bearing steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2020, 45(11): 157-162.

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回火温度对高氮不锈轴承钢组织与力学性能的影响

Effect of tempering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of high nitrogen stainless bearing steel

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